摘要
目的分析2018—2022年天津市河东区疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse event following immunization,AEFI)的发生特征、分类诊断情况及预防接种安全性。方法通过中国疾病预防信息系统AEFI监测模块,收集2018—2022年天津市河东区发生的AEFI个案数据,通过天津市免疫规划信息管理系统收集2018—2022年天津市河东区各类疫苗的接种数据,分析AEFI分类情况以及AEFI发生时间、性别、年龄、疫苗种类、临床诊断分布情况,并对数据进行分析。结果2018—2022年天津市河东区共监测到AEFI 488例,其中一般反应424例,异常反应40例,偶合症24例;5年报告发生率分别为66.91/10万剂次、80.97/10万剂次、35.26/10万剂次、14.49/10万剂次、4.00/10万剂次;1~<5岁AEFI报告病例最多,其次为0~<1岁儿童;AEFI病例主要集中在接种疫苗后0~<2天,占全部病例的82.17%;涉及32种疫苗,其中报告发生率居前三位的疫苗为麻疹疫苗、麻风疫苗、DTaP-Hib四联疫苗;临床诊断为发热/红肿/硬结等的一般反应占64.96%,报告发生率为27.40/10万剂,临床诊断为过敏性反应(过敏性皮疹、荨麻疹等)的异常反应占6.35%,报告发生率为2.68/10万剂。结论2018—2022年天津市河东区AEFI报告发生率有下降趋势,异常反应报告发生率逐年降低,但仍需要加强AEFI培训力度,提高AEFI监测敏感度。
Objective To analyze the occurrence characteristics,classified diagnosis and vaccination safety of suspected adverse events following immunization(AEFI)in Hedong District of Tianjin City from 2018 to 2022.Methods The data of AEFI cases in Hedong District of Tianjin City from 2018 to 2022 were collected by AEFI monitoring module of China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention,and vaccination data of various vaccines in Hedong District of Tianjin City from 2018 to 2022 were collected by Tianjin Immunization Planning Information Management System.The classification,occurrence time,gender,age,vaccine types,and clinical diagnosis distribution of AEFI were analyzed,and the data were analyzed.Results A total of 488 AEFI cases were detected in Hedong District of Tianjin City from 2018 to 2022,including 424 cases of general reaction,40 cases of abnormal reaction and 24 cases of coupling syndrome.The 5-year reported incidence rates were 66.91/100000 dose,80.97/100000 dose,35.26/100000 dose,14.49/100000 dose,and 4.00/100000 dose,respectively.The most reported cases of AEFI were among children aged 1-<5 years old,followed by children aged O-<1 year old.AEFI cases were mainly concentrated in 0-<2 days after vaccination,accounting for 82.17%of all cases.Involving 32 vaccines,among which the top three reported incidence vaccines were measles vaccine,leprosy vaccine,and DTaP-Hib quadruple vaccine.The general reactions diagnosed clinically as fever,redness,swelling,and induration accounted for 64.96%,with a reported incidence of 27.40/100000 doses.The abnormal reactions diagnosed clinically as allergic reactions(allergic rash,urticaria,etc.)accounted for 6.35%,with a reported incidence of 2.68/100000 doses.Conclusion The incidence of AEFI reports in Hedong District of Tianjin City has a downward trend from 2018 to 2022,and the incidence of abnormal reaction reports has been decreasing year by year.However,it is stil necessary to strengthen AEFI training and improve the monitoring sensitivity of AEFI.
作者
高月
李元衡
李莹淑
GAO Yue;LI Yuanheng;LI Yingshu(Department of Immune Programming,Tianjin Hedong District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin,300151,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2024年第12期1684-1687,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
疑似预防接种异常反应
监测
疫苗
Adverse event following immunization
Surveillance
Vaccines
