摘要
甲申年间发生的“撤宁守关”“南迁”“太子抚军”三事与明廷存亡攸关,此三事以往被统摄于模糊的君臣矛盾和朋党话语叙事之下,难以反映当时的实态。在东西两线压力之下,“撤宁守关”之事悬而未决,对“南迁”的讨论则由非公开转向公开,衍生出时人认为更为妥帖的“太子抚军”之议。明廷对于三事的决策过程曲折且反复,并非崇祯帝或朝臣单方面的失策所致,决策机制的失衡和士论的矫激,使得秩序渐次失效解体,决策陷入僵局。基于此考察该时期皇权与士大夫的博弈,有助于解析明末复杂的君臣权力演进。
The three events of“withdrawing Ningyuan(宁远)to guard the Shanhai Pass”,“relocating to the south”,and“the Crown Prince strengthening the southern military defense”that took place in the year of Jia Shen(甲申)are crucial to the survival of the Ming court.In the past,these three events had been summarized under the vague narrative of the conflict between the ruler and the minister and the discourse of clique,which was difficult to reflect the actual situation at that time.Under the pressure from both the east and the west battlefront,the matter of“withdrawing Ningyuan to guard the Shanhai Pass”was left unresolved,while the discussion of the“southern relocation”shifted from non-public to public,which gave rise to the proposal of“the Crown Prince strengthening the southern military defense”that was considered by the people of the time to be more appropriate.The decision-making process of the Ming court on the above three events was tortuous and repeated,not due to the unilateral misjudging of emperor Chongzhen(崇祯)or courtiers,it was the imbalance of the decision-making mechanism and the extreme criticism of scholars that led to the order gradually break down and a stalemate in decision-making.Based on this,it is helpful to analyze the complicated evolution of the power of Kings and ministers in the late Ming Dynasty by examining the relationship between imperial power and scholar-officials during Jia Shen period.
作者
陈支平
李定波
CHEN Zhi-ping;LI Ding-bo(School of History and Cultural Heritage,Xiamen University,Xiamen,Fujian,361005,China)
出处
《史学集刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第5期57-68,共12页
Collected Papers of History Studies
基金
国家“十四五”发展规划重大学术文化工程《(新编)中国通史》纂修工程《中国经济史卷》的阶段性成果。
关键词
南迁
太子抚军
会议
召对
决策机制
relocation to the south
the Crown Prince strengthening the southern military defense
Huiyi(会议)
Zhaodui(召对,The monarch summoned his ministers to answer questions about politics,economics,and so on)
decision-making mechanism
