摘要
旨在为进一步推进我国兽药残留标准体系建设,保障禽蛋食品安全的同时减少因兽药残留而导致的贸易壁垒和纠纷,更好地为蛋鸡养殖业和兽药监管工作提供标准支撑。本文首先梳理分析了我国最新修订的GB 31650—2019《食品安全国家标准食品中兽药最大残留限量》、GB 31650.1—2022《食品国家安全标准食品中41种兽药最大残留限量》以及农业农村部发布的第250号公告中有关禽蛋兽药残留种类、兽药最大残留限量标准以及产蛋期禁用兽药等相关标准规定,然后与美国、日本、欧盟以及国际食品法典委员会(CAC)最新规定的禽蛋兽药最大残留限量(MRLs)规定的异同进行了详细对比分析。结果表明:我国禽蛋兽药残留标准已较为全面与严格,兽药残留相关技术法规标准已向国际标准靠拢,但仍有个别兽药最大残留限量标准与国外标准差异较大,凸显了我国禽蛋国际贸易方面存在挑战。未来我国仍需要结合养殖实际情况及食品安全风险等继续完善禽蛋中兽药残留限量及检测标准,促进贸易畅通,保障消费者权益,提高我国农产品在国际上的的整体竞争力。
To further advance the establishment of a veterinary drug residue standard system in China,ensure the safety of poultry and egg products,and reduce trade barriers and disputes caused by veterinary drug residues,this paper first analyzes the latest revised“National Food Safety Standard-Maximum Residue Limits of Veterinary Drugs in Food”(GB 31650—2019),“National Food Safety Standard-Maximum Residue Limits of 41 Veterinary Drugs in Food”(GB 31650.1—2022),and the relevant standard provisions on the types of veterinary drug residues,maximum residue limits,and prohibited use of veterinary drugs during egg production,all of which are stated in Announcement No.250 issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.Then,a detailed comparative analysis is conducted on these standard provisions and the latest MRLs regulations for poultry and eggs set by the United States,Japan,the European Union,and the Codex Alimentarius Commission(CAC),so as to identify the differences in their restriction levels.The results show that China's standards for veterinary drug residues in poultry and eggs are relatively comprehensive and strict,and related technical regulations are converging towards international standards.However,there are still significant differences between certain maximum residue limits for veterinary drugs in China and foreign standards,highlighting the challenges in China's international poultry and egg trade.In the future,China should continue to improve the limits and detection standards for veterinary drug residues in poultry and eggs based on farming practices,food safety risks,and other factors,in order to promote smooth trade,safeguard consumer rights,and enhance the overall competitiveness of the food industry.
作者
于寒冰
魏紫嫣
孙志文
YU Hanbing;WEI Ziyan;SUN Zhiwen(Beijing Municipal Center for Agroproduct Quality and Safety,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《畜牧与兽医》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第10期130-138,共9页
Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine
