摘要
BS型小麦光温敏雄性不育系的异交性能直接影响杂交小麦的制种产量,而开花习性是衡量不育系异交性能的重要指标。为了明确开颖率、开颖角度对不育系异交结实率的影响,本研究以15个不育系为材料,同时选取3个配合力好、制种性状优良的恢复系作为父本,分析了不育系在开花过程中开颖率和开颖角度的变化规律及其与异交结实率的相关性。结果表明,在开花过程中,不育系开颖率基本都呈先升后降的变化趋势,且中部和上部穗位开颖较早,但在盛花期,下部穗位开颖角度较大且开颖主要集中在中部穗位,开颖性状较好的不育系为BS278-2、BS185、BS126、BS163、BS136。相关性分析表明,开颖率与开颖小花异交结实率呈极显著正相关,开颖角度与异交结实率呈显著正相关。这说明开颖性状是影响不育系异交结实率的重要因素之一,选育开颖性状好的不育系对提高杂交小麦制种产量具有重要意义。
Seed production yield of hybrid wheat is directly affected by the outcrossing performance of BS type photo-thermo sensitive male sterile lines of wheat.The flowering habit is a crucial index to measure the outcrossing performance of sterile lines.In order to clarify the effect of glume opening rate and glume opening angle on outcrossing seed setting of sterile lines,and guide the breeding of high outcrossing photo-thermo sensitive sterile lines,15 different sterile lines were used as materials in this study.Three restorer lines were selected,with good combining ability,and excellent seed production trait.The changing patterns of glume opening rate and glume opening angle of sterile lines were analyzed.At the same time,the correlation between the flowering habit and outcrossing seed setting was also studied.We observed that the glume opening rate increased first and then decreased,in most sterile lines.In the process of flowering,the middle and upper ear positions opened earlier,but in the full flowering stage,the lower ear positions opened at a larger angle and the glume opening mainly concentrated in the middle ear positions.BS278-2,BS185,BS126,BS163,and BS136 exhibited good glume opening characteristics.The results of correlation analysis showed that there was significant positive correlation between glume opening rate and outcrossing seed setting rate of glume opening florets,and also there was positive correlation between glume opening angle and outcrossing seed setting rate.Our findings indicated that glume opening is one of the important factors affecting outcrossing seed setting of sterile lines,and the selection of the sterile lines with good glume opening characteristic was of great significance for increasing the seed production yield of hybrid wheat.
作者
岳洁茹
秦志列
侯起岭
郝小聪
白秀成
杨吉芳
白建芳
张风廷
赵昌平
孙辉
YUE Jieru;QIN Zhilie;HOU Qiling;HAO Xiaocong;BAI Xiucheng;YANG Jifang;BAI Jianfang;ZHANG Fengting;ZHAO Changping;SUN Hui(Institute of Hybrid Wheat,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Beijing Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat Molecular Genetics,Beijing 100097,China)
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第10期1254-1261,共8页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
国家小麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-03-3)
北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20230125)
北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20230815)。
关键词
小麦光温敏雄性不育系
开花习性
开颖
异交结实
BS type photo-thermo sensitive male sterile lines of wheat
Flowering habit
Glume opening
Outcrossing seed setting
