摘要
疾病监测是公共卫生工作的一项基本活动,是在人群层面促进人类福祉行动的基础。公共卫生监测是应对疫情暴发和流行的基础。《公共卫生监测伦理问题指南》作为国际公共卫生监测伦理治理范本,阐明公共卫生监测伦理本质及卫生监测发展历程,并论述公共卫生监测的伦理原则。伦理导向:构建健全的公共卫生监测体系;伦理监督:建立有效机制与持续审查;数据伦理:构建安全可靠的大数据驱动监测;道德导向:构建监测的信任基础和社区参与模式;伤害减轻与公众信任:监测的道德义务和风险管理;特殊群体保护:公共卫生监测伦理与实践公平;数据安全:监测信息化大数据保护;身份识别数据的合理应用:监测在技术与伦理之间的平衡;知情同意:伦理原则与社区利益的平衡;传达结果:透明度、社会责任与隐私保护的伦理平衡;共享与保护:解析数据的伦理挑战和优先原则;伦理与责任:共享监测数据的道德和研究。
Disease surveillance is a fundamental activity of public health and the basis for action to promote human well-being at the population level.Public health surveillance is the foundation of responding to the outbreak and spread of the epidemic.The Guidelines on Ethical Issues in Public Health Surveillance,as a model for the ethical governance in international public health surveillance,clarifies the ethical essence of public health surveillance and the development process of health surveillance,as well as systematically and comprehensively discusses the public health surveillance,including ethical orientation:constructing a robust public health surveillance system;ethical supervision:establishing effective mechanisms and continuous review;data ethics:building safe and reliable big data-driven surveillance;moral orientation:constructing a trust foundation and community participation model for surveillance;harm mitigation and public trust:the moral obligations and risk management of surveillance;protection of special groups:ethics and practical equity in public health surveillance;data security:protection of big data in surveillance informatization;rational application of identity recognition data:the balance between technology and ethics in surveillance;informed consent:the balance between ethical principles and community interests;communicating results:the ethical balance of transparency,social responsibility,and privacy protection;sharing and protection:ethical challenges and prioritization principles of parsing data;ethics and responsibility:morality and research ethical governance principles for sharing surveillance data.These guidelines can provide useful references for ethical policy documents in public health surveillance in China.
作者
潘燕婷
杨再峰
PAN Yanting;YANG Zaifeng(College of Teacher Education,Wuzhou University,Wuzhou 543002,China)
出处
《中国医学伦理学》
北大核心
2024年第10期1160-1167,共8页
Chinese Medical Ethics
基金
2020年广西哲学社会科学规划研究课题“民族地区教育精准扶贫的效果评估与长效机制构建研究”(20FMZ049)。
关键词
公共卫生
卫生监测
卫生监测伦理
public health
health surveillance
health surveillance ethics
