摘要
再生水资源化是缓解区域水资源紧张和发展农业用水的良好解决方案。试验以河水(R0)、混合水(河水∶再生水=1∶1,R1)、再生水(R2)和井水(CK)为不同处理的灌溉水源,以大田玉米为研究对象,探究不同水源灌溉对不同层次土壤(0~200 cm)和玉米植株各器官中Pb、Ni、Cr的迁移和累积规律以及对玉米生长和产量的影响。结果表明,灌水定额相同时,短时间内(>32 d)再生水灌溉导致了Pb向土壤深层(>70 cm)的迁移和Ni、Cr在土体0~200 cm范围内的累积,其中,Pb含量减少了9.8%~38.7%,Ni、Cr含量分别升高了2.5%~21.2%和5.5%~166.8%。但是,试验结束时各处理土壤中重金属含量均低于苗期。对于植物体,灌水前后,CK处理植株体内重金属相对累积量均高于R0、R1、R2处理,Pb分别高23.2%、3.5%和24.4%,Ni分别高12.7%、0.1%和1.1%,Cr分别高19.7%、1.6%和6.5%,玉米成熟期各处理籽粒中重金属含量无显著差异,但植株体内重金属总量均表现为R0>R2>CK、R1>CK。与井水相比,各处理均增加了玉米株高、叶面积和地上生物量,R0、R1、R2处理与CK相比,2022年分别增产1197.9 kg/hm^(2)、1296.6 kg/hm^(2)和447.4 kg/hm^(2),2023年分别增产472.1 kg/hm^(2)、638.4kg/hm^(2)和243.9 kg/hm^(2)。因此,混合水灌溉增产效应最大,但与井水灌溉相比,混合水也较易导致重金属在植物体内的富集,而采用再生水灌溉时,土壤中重金属的残留风险较大,探讨两者合理的掺灌比例尤为重要。研究为不同水资源优化配置利用提供了参考,对于非常规水灌溉利用具有一定借鉴意义。
Reclaimed water resource utilization is a favorable solution to alleviate regional water resource scarcity and promote agricultural water use.In this experiment,river water(R0),mixed water(river water∶reclaimed water=1∶1,R1),reclaimed water(R2)and well water(CK)were used as irrigation water sources.The corn was selected as the research object to explore the migration and accumulation patterns of Pb,Ni,and Cr in different depths of soil(0~200 cm)and corn organs,as well as their influence on corn growth and yield under different irrigation water sources.The results showed that,under the same irrigation quota,short-term reclaimed water irrigation resulted in the migration of Pb to the soil depth(>70 cm)and the accumulation of Ni and Cr in the 0~200 cm range of soil,in which the Pb content decreased by 9.8%-38.7%.The contents of Ni and Cr increased by 2.5%~21.2%and 5.5%~166.8%,respectively.However,the heavy metal content in the soil of each treatment was lower at the end of the experiment compared to the seedling stage at the time of sowing.For plants,before and after irrigation,the relative accumulation of heavy metals in CK treated plants was higher than R0,R1 and R2.Specifically,the Pb was 23.2%,3.5%and 24.4%higher,Ni 12.7%,0.1%and 1.1%higher,Cr 19.7%,1.6%and 6.5%higher,respectively.There was no significant difference in heavy metals content in corn grains,but the total amount of heavy metals in plants was R0>R2>CK,R1>CK.Compared with well water,all treatments increased corn plant height,leaf area and biomass.In 2022,compared with CK,the corn plant height,leaf area and biomass was increased by 1197.9 kg/hm^(2),1296.6 kg/hm^(2)and 447.4 kg/hm^(2)in R0,R1 and R2 treatments,respectively.In 2023,the yield increase effect was 472.1 kg/hm^(2),638.4 kg/hm^(2)and 243.9 kg/hm^(2),respectively.Therefore,mixed water irrigation brought the largest yield increase while leading to the higher enrichment of heavy metals in plants than well water irrigation.However,when reclaimed water was used for irrigation,the residual risk of heavy metals in the soil was evident,so it is particularly important to explore the reasonable blending ratio of the two irrigation sources above.This study provides a reference for the optimal allocation and utilization of different water resources and has certain reference significance for the utilization of unconventional water irrigation.
作者
耿国强
樊雅琼
申丽霞
李国元
胡婧娟
王丹
阮文刚
GENG Guo-qiang;FAN Ya-qiong;SHEN Li-xia;LI Guo-yuan;HU Jing-juan;WANG Dan;RUAN Wen-gang(College of Water Conservancy Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Shanxi Fenhe Irrigation Management Co.,Ltd.Fendong Water Supply Management Center,Jinzhong 030900,Shanxi Province,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2024年第10期68-76,共9页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
山西省青年科学研究项目(20210302124249)
山西省青年科学研究项目(20210302124248)。
关键词
再生水
河水
混合水
植物中富集
重金属迁移积累
reclaimed water
river water
mixed water
plant enrichment
heavy metal migration and accumulation
