摘要
目的分析婴幼儿神经心理发育情况及其影响因素,为后续研究提供依据。方法选取2020年1-6月于上海市嘉定区迎园医院儿童保健门诊体检的352名0~36月龄婴幼儿作为研究对象,采用Gesell发育量表测试婴幼儿的智能,比较不同性别和户籍婴幼儿发育商(DQ)和不同月龄下不同性别婴幼儿DQ,采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析婴幼儿神经和心理发育的影响因素。结果不同性别、户籍婴幼儿粗动作、细动作、应物能、言语能、应人能DQ值及总DQ值比较差异均无统计学意义。25~30月龄女童粗动作、言语能、应人能DQ值及总DQ值均高于男童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但不同性别细动作、应物能比较差异均无统计学意义;其他月龄不同性别婴幼儿粗动作、细动作、应物能、言语能、应人能DQ值及总DQ值比较差异均无统计学意义。单因素分析结果显示,顺产、母亲孕期精神状况好、使用电子产品的婴幼儿DQ值均高于非顺产、母亲孕期精神状况一般、未使用电子产品的婴幼儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,顺产、使用电子产品、母亲孕期精神状况好是婴幼儿神经心理发育的有利因素(P<0.05)。结论婴幼儿不同性别不同户籍各发育能区DQ值和总DQ值无显著差异,需加强关注引导25~30月龄婴幼儿,顺产、母亲孕期精神状态、使用电子产品与婴幼儿智能发育相关,婴幼儿抚育需整个家庭共同配合。
Objective To analyze the neuropsychological development of infants and young children and its influencing factors,and to provide the basis for the follow-up research.Methods 352 infants and young children aged 0-36 months who underwent physical examination in the Chil-dren's Health Clinic of Yingyuan Hospital,Jiading District,Shanghai from January to June 2020 were selected as the study subjects,Gesell develop-mental scales was used to measure the intelligence of infants and young children,developmental quotient(DQ)of infants and young children of differ-ent genders and household registration and DQ of infants and young children of different genders at different months were compared.Results There were no significant differences in the DQ values of gross motor,fine motor,adaptability,speech ability and personal-social behavior ability and total DQ values among infants and young children of different genders and household registration.The DQ values of gross movement,speech ability,per-sonalsocial behavior ability and total DQ values of girls aged 25-30 months were higher than those of boys,and the differences were statistically sig-nificant(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in the DQ values of fine motor,adaptability between the different genders;there were no significant differences in the DQ values of gross motor,fine motor,adaptability,speech ability and personal-social behavior ability and total DQ values among infants of different genders at other months.The results of single factor analysis showed that DQ values of infants and young chil-dren with natural delivery,good mental condition of the mother during pregnancy and use of electronic products were higher than those of infants and young children with non-natural delivery,general mental condition of mothers during pregnancy and no use of electronic products,and the dif-ferences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that natural delivery,good mental condition of the mother during pregnancy,and use of electronic products were favorable factors for infant and young children neuropsychological development.Conclusion There was no significant difference between the developmental areas and total DQ values of infants and young children with different genders and household registration,it is necessary to pay more attention to guide infants and young children aged 25-30 months,natural delivery,the mental state of the mother during pregnancy and use of electronic products are related to the intelligent development of infants and young children,and the whole family should work together to care for infants and young children.
作者
赵倩
王诤
朱宏文
ZHAO Qian;WANG Zheng;ZHU Hongwen(Department of Preventive Medicine,Yingyuan Hospital,Jiading,Shanghai,201800,China;Administration Office,Yingyuan Hospital,Jiading District,Shanghai,201800,China)
出处
《当代医学》
2024年第15期16-20,共5页
Contemporary Medicine
基金
上海市嘉定区卫健委科研项目(2018-QN-12)。
关键词
婴幼儿
智能发育
神经心理
影响因素
GESELL发育量表
Infants and young children
Intellectual development
Neuropsychological
Influential factors
Gesell developmental scales
