摘要
铁路运输是我国工业化进程重要的运输方式,随着列车运行速度的提高,对制动系统材料也提出了更高要求。对现役进口高铁制动片进行测试分析,得到其各组元的具体成分及其配比,以此进口配方为基础制定工艺方案,应用热压烧结工艺使性能得到进一步优化。试验结果表明:进口材料样品基体中w_(Cu)为50%、w_(Fe)为23%;润滑组元中w_(C)(鳞片石墨和团聚型石墨)为15%、w_(MoS_(2))为2%;摩擦组元中的Fe-Cr合金比例为10%。根据以上进口样品配方,使用国产原料进行配比,并通过混料预成形、热压烧结等一系列工艺步骤,成功制备样品。将自主制备样品与进口样品的基础性能进行对比分析,自主制备样品的密度为5.29g/cm^(3),大于进口样品的4.5g/cm^(3),抗弯强度为48.77MPa,高于进口样品的38MPa,而抗压强度为88.42MPa,略低于进口样品的95MPa。综合以上分析,高铁用铜铁基摩擦材料可实现自主制备,且性能相当或优于进口指标。
Railway transportation is an important mode of transportation in the industrialization process of our country.With the improvement of speed,higher requirements are put forward for brake materials.This study analysed the current imported high-speed railway brake pads,then obtained the specific components and the ratios of each component.Based on this imported formula,a process scheme was formulated.With the combination of the hot pressing sintering process,the performance was further optimized.The test results show that the content of Cu in the matrix of the imported material sample is 50%,and Fe is 23%;in the lubricating component,the content of carbon(flake graphite and agglomerated graphite)is 15%,and MoS_(2) is 2%;the ratio of the Fe-Cr alloy in the friction component is 10%.Domestic raw materials were used for the above ratio of imported sample,and a series of process steps such as mixing,pre-forming,and hot pressing sintering were carried out to successfully prepare the sample.Compared with the imported sample,and the density of the self-prepared sample is 5.29g/cm^(3),which is better than the imported sample of 4.5g/cm^(3),the bending strength is 48.77MPa,which is higher than the imported sample of 38MPa,and the compressive strength is 88.42MPa,which is slightly lower than the imported sample of 95MPa.Based on the above analysis,the copper-iron based friction material for high-speed railway can be self-prepared,and the performance meets or exceeds the imported indicators.
作者
刘倚天
LIU Yitian(Xi'an Noble Rare Metal Materials Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710201,Shaanxi,China)
关键词
摩擦材料
粉末冶金
铜铁基
friction materials
powder metallurgy
Cu-Fe base
