摘要
目的了解学龄前儿童及家长烧烫伤的认知状况及相关因素,为从儿童和家长层面制定烧烫伤的预防策略提供依据。方法采取整群分层随机抽样法,抽取遵义市三城区9所幼儿园的学龄前儿童及家长为研究对象,采用自制问卷进行调查,运用t检验、单因素方差分析、多重线性回归分析学龄前儿童及家长烧烫伤知识得分的相关因素。结果共调查1536名学龄前儿童及家长,学龄前儿童男∶女为1.27∶1。学龄前儿童烧烫伤相关知识的总体知晓率为78.31%,男性知晓率为78.55%,女性知晓率为77.99%,男女知晓率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.701,P=0.408)。家长关于学龄前儿童烧烫伤发生原因、预防知识的得分顺位为防护不当>洗澡处置不当>照顾不当>器材使用不当>烧烫伤的预防。单因素方差分析结果显示,是否父母照顾、父母职业、监护人文化程度与学龄前儿童烧伤知识得分的差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);学生年级、父母每天看手机的总时间、监护人文化程度、家庭月收入与家长关于烧烫伤预防和发生原因知识得分的差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。多重线性回归分析结果显示监护人文化程度与学龄前儿童烧烫伤知识得分的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);学生年级与家长关于烧烫伤预防和发生原因知识得分的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论学生年级、是否父母照顾、父母职业、父母每天看手机的总时间、监护人文化程度、家庭月收入是学龄前儿童及家长烧烫伤知识得分的相关因素。应加大低年级学龄前儿童家长、监护人烧烫伤健康教育的宣传力度,从而有效预防学龄前儿童非故意烧烫伤事故的发生。
Objective To assess the knowledge and factors related to burn and scald among preschool children and their parents in order to provide a basis for developing prevention strategies at both child and parent levels.Methods A clustered stratified random sampling method was employed to select preschool children and their parents from nine kindergartens in three urban districts of Zunyi City.A self-designed questionnaire was used for data collection.T-tests,one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA),and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted to identify factors associated with knowledge scores on burn and scald among preschool children and parents.Results A total of 1536 preschool children and parents were surveyed,with a male-to-female ratio among preschool children of 1.27∶1.The overall awareness rate of scald burn-related knowledge among preschool children was 78.31%.There was no statistically significant difference in awareness rates between boys(78.55%)and girls(77.99%)(χ^(2)=0.701,P=0.408).Factors influencing parents’knowledge scores on causes and prevention of scald burns ranked as improper protection>improper bathing practices>inadequate supervision>improper equipment use>prevention of scald burns.Results of one-way ANOVA indicated significant differences in knowledge scores among preschool children based on whether parents provided care,parents’occupation,and guardians’education level(P<0.001);and among parents the knowledge scores differed based on student grade level,total daily screen time of parents,guardians’education level,and family monthly income(P<0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that guardians’education level significantly influenced knowledge scores among preschool children regarding scald burns(P<0.05),and student grade level significantly influenced parents’knowledge scores on prevention and causes of scald burns(P<0.05).Conclusion Student grade level,whether parents provide care,parents’occupation,parents’total daily screen time,guardians’education level,and family monthly income are factors associated with knowledge scores on burn and scald among preschool children and parents.Efforts should be intensified to promote health education on burn and scald among guardians of preschool children,particularly those in lower grades,to effectively prevent unintentional burn and scald.
作者
袁凌
孙同萍
王明蔓
陆钰涵
舒妍琰
Yuan Ling;Sun Tongping;Wang Mingman;Lu Yuhan;Shu Yanyan(Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi Guizhou 563000,China)
出处
《遵义医科大学学报》
2024年第10期999-1007,共9页
Journal of Zunyi Medical University
基金
遵义市科技计划项目[NO:遵市科合HZ字(2021)141]。
关键词
学龄前儿童
家长
烧烫伤
认知状况
相关因素
preschool children
parents
burn and scald
cognitive level
influencing factor
