摘要
未来10年,我国将有30%以上金属矿山开采深度达到或超过千米。深部金属矿山开采面临高地应力、高地温、地层多变、采掘强扰动等复杂地质环境,给巷道掘进带来严峻挑战。传统钻爆法巷道掘进非连续作业、效率低、灾害频发,难以满足建设需求,采用隧道掘进机(TBM)进行机械化连续掘进是深部金属矿山巷道建设的未来发展方向。然而,因深部金属矿山独有工程地质特点和巷道掘进需求,TBM技术在深部金属矿山巷道掘进中仍存在一些技术难题和挑战。本文首先总结了TBM技术在深部金属矿山巷道掘进中的三个应用难点:1)缺乏适用于深部金属矿山巷道的TBM适应性选型设计理论;2)缺乏适用于深部金属矿山巷道的TBM高效掘进技术;3)缺乏适用于深部金属矿山巷道的TBM掘进灾害监测预警与防控技术。然后,从六个方面介绍了深部金属矿山巷道TBM掘进技术应用的研究进展:适应性选型与设计技术、刀盘刀具高效破岩理论、掘进性能精准预测与评价方法、小半径转弯和倾斜巷道掘进技术、掘进灾害智能预警与防控技术、智能决策和辅助驾驶技术。上述研究成果为推动TBM掘进技术在深部金属矿山巷道中的广泛应用,实现深部金属矿山巷道快速掘进指明了发展方向。
In the future ten years,the mining depths of more than 30%metal mines will exceed 1000 m.Deep metal mining is confronted with complex geological conditions such as high in-situ stress,high ground temperature,highly-changable grounds and strong mining disturbance,which bring severe challenges to roadway construction.Due to the shortcomings of noncontinuous operation,low construction rate and frequent disaster occurrence,traditional drilling-and-blasting method cannot meet the construction requirement,therefore the use of tunnel boring machine(TBM)for continuous mechanical tunnelling becomes the future development direction of deep metal mine roadway construction.However,due to the distinctive engineering geological features and roadway construction requirements,the application of TBM tunnelling technology in deep metal mine roadway construction still suffers from some technological problems and challenges.First,this paper summarizes the three main application difficulties for TBM tunnelling technology in deep metal mine roadway construction:1)the lack of adaptative TBM type selection and machine design theory;2)the lack of high efficient TBM tunnelling technology;3)the lack of prewarning,prevention and control technology for engineering disasters.Then,this paper introduces the current research progresses for TBM tunnelling technology in deep metal mine roadway construction from six aspects,i.e.,efficient rock breakage theory for cutterhead and cutters,adaptative TBM type selection and machine design technology,accurate tunnelling performance prediction and evaluation methodology,tunnelling technology for small turning radius or highly-inclined roadways,intelligent prewarning,prevention and control technology for engineering disasters,intelligent decision-making and assisted-driving technology.The above research progresses primarily indicate the development direction for the extensive application of TBM tunnelling technology for rapid roadway construction in deep metal mines.
作者
刘泉声
潘玉丛
余宏淦
邓鹏海
陈梓韬
杜承磊
LIU Quansheng;PAN Yucong;YU Honggan;DENG Penghai;CHEN Zitao;DU Chenglei(School of Civil Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Key Laboratory for Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Safety of Hubei Province,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)
出处
《有色金属（矿山部分）》
2024年第6期25-41,共17页
NONFERROUS METALS(Mining Section)
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(U21A20153)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2042024rs0001)。
关键词
深部金属矿山巷道
隧道掘进机
采掘失衡
适应性选型与设计
掘进灾害预警与防控
智能决策和辅助驾驶
deep metal mine roadways
tunnel boring machine(TBM)
imbalanced mining and tunnelling
adaptive type selection and machine design
engineering disaster prewarning,prevention and control
intelligent decision-making and assisted-driving
