摘要
目的分析2013—2022年天津市河东区流行性感冒(流感)样病例暴发疫情流行特征,为制定流感暴发疫情防控策略提供参考依据。方法收集2013—2022年天津市河东区流感暴发疫情相关处置资料,并对数据进行分析。结果2013—2022年天津市河东区共报告流感暴发疫情15起,累计报告发病数372例,累积报告罹患率为2.09%,暴发疫情主要发生在冬春季(11、12月及次年3月),所有疫情均发生在学校,共涉及10所小学(66.67%)和5所中学(33.33%),中小学罹患率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.524,P>0.05);其中男性病例189例,女性病例183例,男女罹患率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.102,P>0.05);疫情毒株交替出现,A(H3N2)型8起(53.33%),A、B混合型3起(20.00%),B(Victoria)型1起(6.67%),B(Yamagata)型1起(6.67%),B未分型1起(6.67%),未检出1起;经对疫情影响因素分析得出,首次报告的病例数越多,暴发疫情最终的发病人数越多(t=8.883,P<0.05);首例病例到接报间隔越长,暴发疫情持续的时间越长(t=2.745,P<0.05)。结论2013—2022年天津市河东区流感暴发疫情主要发生在冬春季,中小学等人群聚集场所是流感暴发高发场所,卫生行政部门和教育部门应加强联防联控,及时发现和处置,及时进行,减少暴发疫情持续的时间,降低疫情的发病规模。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza-like outbreaks in Hedong District of Tianjin City from 2013 to 2022,and provide a scientific basis for formulating influenza outbreak prevention and control strategies.Methods The relevant data of dealing with influenza outbreaks in Hedong District of Tianjin City from 2013 to 2022 were collected and data were analyzed.Results From 2013 to 2022,a total number of 15 influenza outbreaks were reported in Hedong District of Tianjin City,with a cumulative reported incidence of 372 cases and a cumulative reported attack rate of 2.09%.The outbreaks mainly occurred in winter and spring seasons(November,December and next March).All of the outbreaks occurred in schools,involving 10 primary schools(66.67%)and 5 middle schools(33.33%).There was no significant difference in attack rate between primary and secondary schools(χ^(2)=3.524,P>0.05).Among the cases,189 were male and 183 were female,with no significant difference in attack rate between males and females(χ^(2)=0.102,P>0.05).The virus strains appeared alternately,including 8 cases(53.33%)of type A(H3N2),3 cases(20.00%)of type A and B mixed,1 case(6.67%)of type B(Victoria),1 case(6.67%)of type B(Yamagata),1 case(6.67%)of type B untyped,and 1 case not detected.After analyzing the influencing factors of the epidemic,the more the number of first reported cases,the more the final number of cases(t=8.883,P<0.05),and the longer the interval time from the first case to the report time,the longer the duration of the outbreak(t=2.745,P<0.05).Conclusions The influenza outbreaks in Hedong District mainly occurs in winter and spring,gathering places such as primary and secondary schools are places with a high incidence of influenza outbreaks.Therefore,health administrative departments and education departments should strengthen joint prevention and control mechanism to detect and respond to the outbreaks in a timely manner,reducing the duration of outbreaks and limiting the scale of the epidemic.
作者
卢达
LU Da(Infectious Disease Control Department,Tianjin Hedong District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin,300151,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2024年第14期1994-1997,2001,共5页
Occupation and Health
关键词
流感
暴发疫情
流行特征
控制措施
Influenza
Outbreak
Epidemic characteristics
Control measures
