摘要
目的:比较水蒸气回流、乙醚浸渍、融冻微波水蒸气蒸馏3种方法提取的西藏市售檀香挥发油的化学成分及稳定性。方法:对西藏市售檀香药材样本进行显微和薄层色谱鉴定,采用气-质联用技术分析挥发油组分,计算各组分相对含量。称重法监测檀香挥发油质量损失情况以考察其稳定性。结果:檀香药材切片镜下可见导管,大多单个散在,少数有2~3个联合。有木射线,可见草酸钙方晶和油滴。经薄层色谱鉴定檀香样品与对照药材在同一位置显相同的紫蓝色斑点。3种提取方法所得檀香挥发油含量分别为3%(v/w,水蒸气回流法)、1%(v/w,乙醚浸渍法)、3.01%(v/w,融冻微波辅助水蒸气蒸馏法)。融冻微波辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取的檀香油化学组分最多,共鉴定出67种化合物,占总油量的99.49%。水蒸气回流法和乙醚浸渍法各鉴定出43种和38种化合物,分别占总油量的99.96%和99.98%。3种檀香油中最主要的成分都是α-檀香醇,含量分别为55.96%(水蒸气回流法)、29.56%(融冻微波辅助水蒸气蒸馏法)、32.15%(乙醚浸渍法)。稳定性考察结果显示檀香挥发油的最佳储存条件为避光封口冷藏,其质量损失率最小。结论:水蒸气回流、乙醚浸渍、融冻微波水蒸气蒸馏3种方法均可用于檀香挥发油的提取,含量测定和药理活性研究可选水蒸气回流法和融冻微波水蒸气蒸馏法,若需定性鉴别可选乙醚浸渍法。避光封口冷藏其质量损失率最小。
Objective To compare the chemical components and stability of the volatile oil from sandalwood in Xizang market extracted by steam reflux,ether impregnation and thawing microwave steam distillation.Methods The samples of sandalwood sold in Xizang were identified by microscopy and TLC.The components of volatile oil were analyzed by GC-MS,and the relative content of each component was calculated.The weighing method is used to monitor the quality loss of sandalwood volatile oil and examine its stability.Result Under the microscope,ducts can be seen in the slices of sandalwood medicinal materials,mostly scattered individually,and a few with 2-3 combinations.There are wooden rays,visible calcium oxalate crystals and oil droplets.Thin layer chromatography identified that the sandalwood sample and the control medicinal material exhibited the same purple blue spots at the same position.The volatile oil content of sandalwood obtained by three extraction methods is 3%(v/w,steam reflux method),1%(v/w,ether impregnation method),and 3.01%(v/w,freeze-thaw microwave-assisted steam distillation method),respectively.The thawing microwave assisted steam distillation method extracted the most chemical components from sandalwood oil,identifying a total of 67 compounds,accounting for 99.49%of the total oil content.43 and 38 compounds were identified by steam reflux method and ether impregnation method,respectively,accounting for 99.96%and 99.98%of the total oil content.The main components of the three types of sandalwood oil areα-Sandalwood alcohol,with contents of 55.96%(steam reflux method),29.56%(thawing microwave assisted steam distillation method),and 32.15%(ether impregnation method),respectively.The stability test results show that the optimal storage conditions for sandalwood volatile oil are sealed and refrigerated in a dark place,with the lowest mass loss rate.Conclusion The three methods of steam reflux,ether impregnation,and thawing microwave steam distillation can all be used for the extraction of volatile oil from sandalwood.The methods of steam reflux and thawing microwave steam distillation can be used for content determination and pharmacological activity research.If qualitative identification is required,ether impregnation can be used.The quality loss rate is the smallest when sealed and refrigerated in a dark place.
作者
陈依春
王世华
程茜熙
唐政
郑博文
CHEN Yichun;WANG Shihua;CHENG Xixi;TANG Zheng;ZHENG Bowen(School of Medicine,Xizang Minzu University,Xianyang 712082,China;Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology,Ministry of Education,Xianyang 712082,China)
出处
《中国民族民间医药》
2024年第20期45-50,56,共7页
Chinese Journal of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacy
基金
西藏自治区自然科学基金(编号:XZ202001ZR0015G)
陕西省教育科学“十四五”规划2023年度课题(编号:SGH23Y2487)
陕西省教育厅自然科学专项(编号:23JK0697)
西藏民族大学校内项目(编号:22MDY03,22MDZ02)。
关键词
檀香
挥发油
提取
组分
Sandalwood
Volatile Oil
Extract
Component
