摘要
本试验旨在探究不同品种烟草根际土壤中添加生物炭对细菌群落结构的潜在影响,以期为完善和优化烤烟微环境调节措施以及黑胫病综合防治策略提供理论支撑。通过盆栽试验,选用3种对黑胫病抗性不同的烤烟品种净叶黄(高感),NC82(高抗),K326(中抗),以未种植过烟草的土壤为空白对照,分别设置施生物炭与未施生物炭处理,利用高通量测序技术研究生物炭对烤烟根际土壤细菌群落结构以及黑胫病发病状况的影响。结果表明:(1)未施用生物炭时,不同品种烟草的发病率表现为净叶黄显著高于另外两个品种;施用生物炭后,各品种的黑胫病发病率显著降低,净叶黄的防治效果为56.52%,NC82及K326的分别为27.00%和31.00%。(2)土壤细菌群落Alpha多样性分析结果显示,生物炭与烤烟品种之间存在显著的交互作用。未施用生物炭时,NC82和净叶黄的根际土壤细菌多样性显著高于K326;施加生物炭后,K326的土壤细菌多样性明显提升,而NC82和净叶黄呈现出不同程度的下降。(3)LEfSe结果显示,不同品种间根际土壤优势菌群呈现显著差异,生物炭的施用使品种间的差异更加明显。(4)细菌群落结构与组成分析结果表明,未施用生物炭情况下,不同品种烤烟之间土壤细菌群落结构存在显著差异;除未植烟土壤外,施加生物炭前后不同烤烟品种间土壤细菌群落结构均无显著变化。综合来看,施加生物炭可以有效遏制烤烟黑胫病的滋生蔓延,不同品种烤烟土壤细菌结构对生物炭施入的反应有所差异,在运用生物炭改善土壤质量以及烟草微观生态环境的过程中,必须充分考虑到品种因素的影响。
This study aimed to explore the potential effects of adding biochar into the rhizosphere soil of different varieties of tobacco on bacterial community structure,and provide theoretical supports for improving and optimizing regulatory measures for tobacco microenvironment and strategies for comprehensive prevention and control of tobacco black shank disease.A pot experiment was designed with three tobacco varieties,Jingye Huang,NC82 and K326,as research objects.The soil without tobacco cultivation was as a blank control(CK),and eight treatments with and without biochar application were set.High throughput sequencing technology was used to investigate the effects of biochar application on bacterial community structure of rhizosphere soil and the incidence of tobacco black shank disease.The results were as follows.(1)The incidence of black shank disease of Jingye Huang tobacco was significantly higher than that of K326 and NC82 cultivars when without biochar application.After the application of biochar,the incidence of black shank disease of all the varieties reduced significantly,and the control effect of Jingye Huang,NC82 and K326 were 56.52%,27.00%and 31.00%,respectively.(2)The Alpha diversity analysis of soil bacterial communities showed that there was significant interaction between biochar and tobacco variety.When without biochar application,the rhizosphere soil bacterial diversity of NC82 and Jingye Huang were significantly higher than that of K326.After the application of biochar,the soil bacterial diversity of K326 increased significantly,while NC82 and Jingye Huang showed different degrees of decline.(3)The LEfSe results showed that there were significant differences in dominant flora in rhizosphere soil among different varieties,and the application of biochar made the differences more obvious.(4)The bacterial community structure and composition analyses showed that the bacterial community structure in rhizosphere soil of the three tobacco varieties had significant differences,and no significant changes were observed after the application of biochar except for CK.In summary,the application of biochar could effectively curb the spread of tobacco black shank disease.The response of rhizosphere soil bacterial structure to the application of biochar varied with different tobacco varieties.Therefore,the influence of variety must be fully taken into account in the process of using biochar to improve soil quality and tobacco micro-ecological environment.
作者
李澳
任志超
李想
李彦周
王景
穆耀辉
刘国顺
殷全玉
Li Ao;Ren Zhichao;Li Xiang;Li Yanzhou;Wang Jing;Mu Yaohui;Liu Guoshun;Yin Quanyu(College of Tobacco,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Shangluo Company of Shaanxi Tobacco Corporation,Shangluo 726000,China;Tianchang International Tobacco Co.,Ltd.,Xuchang 610083,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
北大核心
2024年第10期102-112,126,共12页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
河南省科技攻关项目(232102110053)
中国烟草总公司陕西省公司科技项目(2022610700260183,2021611000270042)。
关键词
生物炭
黑胫病
烤烟
根系土壤
细菌群落结构
Biochar
Black shank disease
Tobacco
Rhizosphere soil
Bacterial community structure
