摘要
为明确贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)EA19与化学药剂复配对小麦赤霉病的防治效果,采用菌丝生长速率法、平板菌落计数法、Horsfall法筛选最佳复配比例,并通过离体麦穗和田间试验进行验证。结果显示,不同浓度梯度的EA19发酵液喷雾粉和冻干粉对赤霉病菌菌丝生长抑制率为22.53%~93.96%,EC50分布在5.7944~10.9164 cfu/mL。菌株EA19与25~100μg/mL多菌灵具有良好的生物相容性,但与25~100μg/mL咪鲜胺和戊唑醇均不具有相容性。多菌灵与EA19喷雾粉和冻干粉按药液体积比6∶4、7∶3、8∶2复配时对禾谷镰孢菌和亚洲镰孢菌的联合毒力较大,各体积比下的最大毒性比率为1.15~1.36。EC50剂量的多菌灵与2种EA19菌粉按不同体积比复配后对室内离体麦穗赤霉病防效为47.91%~73.50%。田间试验中,EA19冻干粉与多菌灵联合施用,可使多菌灵在减量30%的情况下,对小麦赤霉病的防效(53.76%)、小麦籽粒中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇毒素含量(0.50 mg/kg)、小麦理论产量(5994.35 kg/hm2)与全量多菌灵处理无显著差异。综上,贝莱斯芽孢杆菌EA19与多菌灵在小麦赤霉病的防治中具有协同效果,二者复配可减少多菌灵的用量。
In order to determine the controlling efficacy of Bacillus velezensis EA19 combined with chemical agents on Fusarium head blight(FHB),the optimal combination ratio was determined by the mycelium growth rate method,plate colony counting method and Horsfall method,and then verified by detached wheat spikes inoculation tests and field trials.The results showed that the inhibition rates of spray powder and freeze‑dried powder of EA19 fermentation broth on the mycelial growth of Fusarium graminearum and F.asiaticum at different concentration were 22.53%—93.96%,and the EC50 values were in the range of 5.7944—10.9164 cfu/mL.The strain EA19 had good biocompatibility with 25—100μg/mL carbendazim,but not with 25—100μg/mL prochloraz and tebuconazole.When carbendazim was combined with spray powder or freeze‑dried powder of EA19 at the volume ratio of 6∶4,7∶3 and 8∶2,the co‑toxicity to F.graminearum and F.asiaticum was the highest,and the greatest toxicity ratio was 1.15—1.36 in these ratios.The control efficacy on FHB of detached wheat spikes by the combination of carbendazim and two types of EA19 powder with a concentration of EC50 in different volume ratios was 47.91%—73.50%.In field trials,when treated with the combination of EA19 freeze‑dried powder with 30%reduced carbendazim,the control efficacy(53.76%),deoxynivalenol toxin content in wheat grains(0.50 mg/kg),and theoretical wheat yield(5994.35 kg/ha)were not significantly different from those treated with full dosage of carbendazim.In conclusion,B.velezensis EA19 and carbendazim have synergistic effect in the control of FHB,and their combination can reduce the dosage of carbendazim.
作者
王文肖
刘美玲
阙亚伟
郑磊
张强
喻大昭
杨立军
龚双军
曾凡松
李利
WANG Wenxiao;LIU Meiling;QUE Yawei;ZHENG Lei;ZHANG Qiang;YU Dazhao;YANG Lijun;GONG Shuangjun;ZENG Fansong;LI Li(College of Life Science,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,China;Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Central China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas/Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Disease,Insect Pests and Weeds Control/Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China;Shandong Kingenta Ecological Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Linyi 276700,China)
出处
《河南农业科学》
北大核心
2024年第10期117-126,共10页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1400105)
湖北省重点研发计划项目(2022BBA0041)
湖北省农业科技攻关项目(HBNYHXGG2023-3)。
关键词
小麦赤霉病
贝莱斯芽孢杆菌
多菌灵
防治效果
复配
Fusarium head blight
Bacillus velezensis
Carbendazim
Control efficacy
Combination
