摘要
安徽淮北某煤矿在进行煤田三维地震勘探,采用了炸药震源和可控震源联合施工来进行地震数据的采集.两种震源采集数据在相位、频率和信噪比等存在差异,尤其是两种震源相同偏移距起跳时间相差较大,正常处理时静校正不能解决拼接处同相轴叠加问题.为了解决该问题,首先对两种震源极性进行调查,对可控震源极性进行反转,使得两种震源采集数据相位极性上保持一致,然后使用匹配滤波技术,将可控震源数据进行匹配滤波处理,使两种震源在相位和频率上保持一致,同时也能使可控震源初至更加易于识别和自动拾取.对匹配处理后两种震源数据相同偏移距起跳时间进行调查,发现两种数据有较大系统时差,将可控震源数据进行时差校正后进行初至拾取.最后利用层析静校正方法解决本次勘探区近地表及时移引起的静校正问题.本次煤田勘探混合震源采集资料经过极性反转、匹配滤波、时差校正和层析静校正处理技术后,不同震源拼接处煤层波组连续性得到改善,为后期数据进一步处理打下良好基础,应用效果较好.本文采用的方法将是混合震源采集资料处理的关键技术,具有重要的研究意义和应用价值.
A coal mine in Huaibei,Anhui Province,is carrying out a 3D seismic survey of the coalfield,using a combination of explosive seismic source and vibroseis to collect seismic data.There are differences in phase,frequency and signal-to-noise ratio between two sources,especially in the same offset take-off time of two sources.In order to solve this problem,first,we investigate the polarity of two kinds of vibroseis,reverse the polarity of vibroseis,make the polarity of the two kinds of vibroseis keep the same on the phase of data acquisition,and then use the matched filtering technology,the data of vibroseis are processed by matching filter,so that the two vibroseis keep the same phase and frequency,and the first arrival of vibroseis is easy to be identified and picked up automatically.The same offset take-off time of two kinds of vibroseis data after matching processing is investigated,and it is found that the two kinds of data have large systematic time difference,The first break is picked up after the time difference correction of the vibroseis data.Finally,the tomographic statics method is used to solve the statics problems caused by near-surface and time difference correction in the exploration area.After polarity reversal,matched filtering,time difference correction and tomographic static correction,the continuity of coal seam wave group at different seismic source splicing is improved,it lays a good foundation for the further processing of the later data,and the application effect is good.The method used in this paper will be the key technology of mixed source acquisition data processing,which has important research significance and application value.
作者
刘恋
陈松
汪玉玲
肖逸飞
岳洪波
LIU Lian;CHEN Song;WANG YuLing;XIAO YiFei;YUE HongBo(Geological Exploration Technologies Institute of Anhui Province(Energy Exploration Center of Bureau of Geologyl and Mineral Exploration of Anhui Province),Hefei 230031,China;Wuhan Center of Geological Survey(Central South China Innovation Center for Geosciences),Wuhan 430205,China;Jiangsu Coal Geological Geophysical Prospecting Measure Team,Nanjing 210046,China)
出处
《地球物理学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期1951-1962,共12页
Progress in Geophysics
基金
中国地质调查局项目“苏皖赣地区页岩油气战略选区调查”(DD20190565)和“苏皖地区页岩气地质调查”(DD20190083)联合资助。
关键词
炸药震源
可控震源
匹配滤波
时差校正
层析静校正
煤田勘探
Explosive source
Vibroseis
Matched filtering
Time difference correction
Tomographic static correction
Coal exploration
