摘要
2022年5—11月,在四川邛海采集浮游植物和水体样品,研究浮游植物群落特征及其与水环境因子的关系。结果表明,在邛海共检出浮游植物7门76属137种,浮游植物密度在305.63×10^(4)~706.91×10^(4) cells/L之间,平均值为442.76×10^(4) cells/L,6月最高;主要藻种为绿藻和硅藻,绿藻门的卵囊藻(Oocystis sp.)、小球藻(Chlorella sp.)和硅藻门的小环藻(Cyclotella sp.)在每个月都是优势种;浮游植物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson均匀度指数和Pielou均匀度指数分别为3.16~3.66、0.82~0.88和0.66~0.75,5—8月浮游植物多样性高于9—10月。邛海水质总体良好,营养状态指数小于40,属于中营养水平;冗余分析表明,邛海浮游植物群落组成受水环境因子影响明显,总磷质量浓度对浮游植物影响最大,解释率为31.1%(p<0.01),其次为溶解氧(24.7%)、水温(17.3%)和pH(10.6%);Spearman相关分析表明,叶绿素a质量浓度与透明度显著负相关(R=-0.65,p<0.01),与高锰酸盐指数(R=0.35,p<0.01)、氨态氮(R=0.43,p<0.01)、总磷(R=0.73,p<0.01)、总氮(R=0.39,p<0.01)和综合营养指数(R=0.35,p<0.01)均显著正相关,说明邛海浮游植物生物量随营养盐浓度的升高而增加,随水体透明度的降低而降低。总磷质量浓度、氨态氮质量浓度、高锰酸盐指数、透明度等是影响邛海浮游植物种群分布格局的主要因素,建议加强对高枧湾水域入湖氮磷负荷的控制,防止水华的发生。
This study conducted a monthly investigation on the spatiotemporal characteristics of phytoplankton communities at 11 sites in the Qionghai Lake from May to November 2022.A total of 137 species of 76 genera and seven phyla were successfully identified.Green algae and diatoms dominated the composition of algae,and there were noticeable spatial and temporal differences in algae community structure.The density varied from 305.63×10^(4)to 706.91×10^(4)cells/L,averaging 442.76×10^(4)cells/L.Moreover,the density of algae in June was sig-nificantly higher than those in other months.Cyclotella sp.,Chlorella sp.and Oocystis sp.were the dominant species every month.The water quality was generally good,corresponding to the Shannon-Wiene index,Simp-son index,and Pielou evenness index ranging from 3.16 to 3.66,0.82 to 0.88,and 0.66 to 0.75.The algae diver-sity was significantly higher from May to August than from September to October.At the same time,the com-prehensive trophic level index was lower than 40,which was the medium nutrient level.In the northwest,the water quality in the Gaojian Bay was a light eutrophication level.The RDA analysis showed that the main envi-ronmental factors significantly affected the composition and distribution of alga community in the Qionghai Lake.Total phosphorus concentration had the most significant impact on phytoplankton,accounting for 31.1%(p<0.01)of the total variation rate,followed by dissolved oxygen(24.7%),water temperature(17.3%),and pH(10.6%).The Chlorophyll a concentration was negatively correlated with transparency(R=-0.65,p<0.01),while it was significantly positively correlated with permanganate index(R=0.35,p<0.01),ammonia nitro-gen(R=0.43,p<0.01),total phosphorus(R=0.73,p<0.01),total nitrogen(R=0.39,p<0.01),and comprehen-sive trophic level index(R=0.35,p<0.01),respectively.These results indicated that the phytoplankton bio-mass in the Qionghai Lake increased with water nutrient concentration.In contrast,the biomass decreased with water transparency.Notably,the Shannon-Wiener index,Simpson index and Pielou evenness index were positively correlated with transparency and negatively correlated with permanganate index,ammonia nitro-gen,total phosphorus,total nitrogen,and comprehensive trophic level index.On the whole,total nitrogen,am-monia nitrogen,water temperature,dissolved oxygen,permanganate index,and transparency were the main factors affecting the distribution of algal populations in the Qionghai Lake.
作者
董艳珍
赵金凤
肖克彦
徐大勇
向蓉
郑丙辉
DONG Yanzhen;ZHAO Jinfeng;XIAO Keyan;XU Dayong;XIANG Rong;ZHENG Binghui(Key Laboratory of Plateau Wetland Ecology and Environmental Protection at Xichang University of Sichuan Province,Xichang University,Xichang 615013,Sichuan,P.R.China;Xichang Environmental Monitoring Station,Xichang 615000,Sichuan,P.R.China;National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing100012,P.R.China)
出处
《湿地科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期757-768,共12页
Wetland Science
基金
生态环境部长江生态环境保护修复昆明市驻点跟踪研究项目(2022-LHYJ-02-0511-01)
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201003)资助。
关键词
浮游植物
群落结构
环境因子
邛海
phytoplankton
community structure
environmental factors
the Qionghai Lake
