摘要
全球气候变暖和人类活动的双重作用,导致河流水沙状况发生变化。分析降水、输沙变化和人类活动的水沙效应,可为流域水资源管理提供决策依据。文章以石羊河流域杂木寺和九条岭两个水文站1956—2016年水沙数据为基础,采用Mann-Kendall法、双累积曲线、滑动t检验等方法分析流域年降水、水沙变化趋势及突变年份,利用累积量斜率变化率比较法分析水沙变化的驱动因素,研究结果表明:(1)杂木寺年输沙量呈下降趋势,降水量年际变化较大,但总体下降趋势较显著;九条岭水文站年输沙量呈波动上升趋势,降水量年际变化较大,但总体上升趋势较显著。(2)杂木寺站降水量和输沙量的突变年份分别为2007年、2012年;九条岭站降水量和输沙量的突变年份为1966年、2005年。(3)对流域水沙变化的驱动力分析发现,杂木寺站降水变化和人类活动对输沙量的贡献率分别为13.8%和86.2%(1973—2011年),2.73%和97.77%(2021—2016年)。九条岭站降水变化和人类活动对输沙减少的贡献率分别为6.63%和93.37%。分析水沙变化规律及原因,可为流域水土保持及灌溉等地区决策提供更加有力的支撑。
Due to the influence of global warming and human activities,the water and sediment regime of changed,and analysis of the water-sediment effects of precipitation,sediment transport and human activities can provide scientific basis for the comprehensive management and environmental protection of river basins.The article is based on the water and sediment data from two hydrological stations,Zamusi and Jiutiaoling,in the Shiyang River Basin from 1956 to 2016.Mann Kendall method,double cumulative curve,sliding t-test and other methods are used to analyze the annual pre-cipitation,water and sediment change trends and abrupt change years in the basin.The driving factors of water and sedi-ment changes are analyzed using the cumulative slope change rate comparison method.The research results show that:(1)the annual sediment transport in Zamusi shows a downward trend,and the annual variation of precipitation is large,but the overall downward trend is significant.While the annual sediment discharge of Jiutiaoling hydrological station shows a fluctu-ating upward trend,and the interannual variation of precipitation is significant,but the overall upward trend is more signifi-cant.(2)The abrupt changes in precipitation and sediment transport at Zamusi Station occurred in 2007 and 2012,respec-tively and the abrupt changes in precipitation and sediment at Jiutiaoling Station occurred in 1966 and 2005.(3)The driv-ing force analysis of water and sediment changes in the watershed found that the contribution rates of precipitation changes and human activities to sediment transport at Zamusi Station were 13.8%and 86.2%(1973-2011),and 2.73%and 97.77%(2021-2016),respectively.The contribution rates of precipitation changes and human activities to the reduction of sediment transport at Jiutiaoling Station are 6.63%and 93.37%,respectively.Analyzing the patterns and causes of water and sediment changes can provide stronger support for decision-making in areas such as soil and water conservation and subsequent irrigation in the watershed.
作者
马俊秀
曾建军
MA JunXiu;ZENG Jianjun(School of Environment and Urban Construction,Lanzhou City University,Lanzhou 730700,Gansu,China;State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,Shanxi,China)
出处
《水利发展研究》
2024年第10期106-116,共11页
Water Resources Development Research
基金
甘肃省重点研发计划—社会发展类(23YFFA0056)
甘肃省委组织部陇原青年创新创业人才(团队)项目(2022LQTD39)
兰州城市学院教学研究与改革项目(2023-jy-31)
兰州城市学院艾黎学科建设计划
兰州城市学院2023/2024年度课程思政示范课项目(19)
甘肃省高等学校科研项目(2023b-152)。
关键词
降水量
输沙量
水沙变化
石羊河流域
precipitation
sediment transport
variation of water and sediment
Shiyang River Basin
