摘要
【目的】分析监测滴灌冬小麦关键生育期内氮素营养状况实时动态,为氮肥科学合理施用提供参考。【方法】利用叶绿素仪SPAD-502获取不同氮梯度滴灌冬小麦拔节期、孕穗期、扬花期、灌浆期和乳熟期叶片SPAD值,分析冬小麦叶片SPAD值、施氮量和产量三者之间的关系,建立基于SPAD值的冬小麦各关键生育期氮肥推荐模型。【结果】滴灌冬小麦叶片SPAD值从拔节期至孕穗期缓慢下降,从孕穗到灌浆期均快速增大,进入灌浆期后开始减小,除乳熟期外各生育期不同氮处理间SPAD值差异显著;拔节期、孕穗期、扬花期和灌浆期叶片SPAD值与施氮量之间呈极显著线性相关,相关系数在0.826以上;产量和施氮量为二次函数关系,关系表达式为Y=-0.0345X2+19.494X+6035,最高产量8789 kg/hm^(2),对应的施氮量为282.52 kg/hm^(2),施氮量为268.67 kg/hm^(2)可实现最佳经济产量8782.12 kg/hm^(2);拔节期、孕穗期、扬花期和灌浆期临界SPAD值分别为43.07、42.09、49.35和52.07。【结论】根据各生育时期SPAD值与施氮量的关系建立了氮肥推荐模型,基于冬小麦叶片SPAD值建立的关键生育期氮肥推荐模型可以实现营养诊断和指导分期施肥。
【Objective】To provide a reference for the real-time monitoring of nitrogen nutrition and the scientific and rational application of nitrogen fertilizer during the key growth period of winter wheat under drip irrigation.【Methods】The leaf SPAD values of winter wheat under drip irrigation with different nitrogen gradients were obtained by using chlorophyll analyzer SPAD-502,the relationship among leaf SPAD value,nitrogen application amount and yield was analyzed,and the recommended nitrogen fertilizer model of winter wheat at each key growth stage based on SPAD value was established.【Results】Leaf SPAD value of drip irrigation winter wheat decreased slowly from jointing stage to booting stage,increased rapidly from booting stage to filling stage,and began to decrease after entering filling stage.The SPAD values of different nitrogen treatments were significantly different at different growth stages excluding milk maturity stage.There was a significant linear correlation between leaf SPAD and nitrogen application at jointing stage,booting stage,flowering stage and filling stage,and the correlation coefficient was above 0.826;The relationship between yield and nitrogen application was quadratic function,Y=-0.034,5 X2+19.494X+6,035;The highest yield was 8,789 kg/hm^(2),and the corresponding nitrogen application was 282.52 kg/hm^(2),In order to obtain the optimal economic yield of 8,782.12 kg/hm^(2),the nitrogen application amount was 268.67 kg/hm^(2);The critical SPAD values at jointing,booting,flowering and filling stages were 43.07、42.09、49.35 and 52.07,respectively.【Conclusion】A ideal nitrogen recommendation model was established according to the relationship between SPAD value and nitrogen application amount in each growth period.The recommended nitrogen fertilizer model based on SPAD value of wheat leaves can realize nutrient diagnosis and guide phased fertilization.
作者
孙法福
赖宁
耿庆龙
李永福
吕彩霞
信会男
李娜
陈署晃
SUN Fafu;LAI Ning;GENG Qinglong;LI Yongfu;LYU Caixia;XIN Huinan;LI Na;CHEN Shuhuang(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Research Institute of Soil,Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation/Agricultural Remote Sensing Center,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)
出处
《新疆农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第10期2366-2373,共8页
Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
农业科技创新稳定支持专项(xjnkywdzc-2022002)
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项项目(2022A02011-2)
新疆农业科学院自主培育专项(xjnkycxzx-2022004)。
关键词
滴灌冬小麦
SPAD值
施氮量
氮肥推荐模型
drip-irrigated winter wheat
SPAD value
nitrogen application rate
nitrogen fertilizer recommendation of topdressing
