摘要
射干麻黄汤又称紫菀散,可宣肺平喘、止咳祛痰,是治疗寒饮郁肺、痰结咽喉的咳逆上气专用方,收录于2023年9月下发的《古代经典名方目录(第二批)——汉族医药》。历代医家对其进行传承和发扬,流传至今。运用文献计量法对该方的源流,药物的剂量、基原、炮制,以及方剂煎煮法等关键信息进行全面考证,建议射干麻黄汤现代用量:射干41.4 g,麻黄、生姜各55.2 g,细辛、紫菀、款冬花各41.4 g,五味子51.3 g,清半夏34.5 g,大枣21 g。上9味,加水2400 mL,先煮麻黄两遍,撇去上沫,煎至600 mL,每服200 mL,1日分3次温服。古今应用范围广泛,古以咳而上气、喉中水鸡声为主治症状,可用于治疗肺痿上气、急症喉风之呛咳而气息不平者、肺痈初起、外寒包内热嗽喘胸高等。现广泛应用于各大疾病的治疗,包括呼吸系统、心血管系统等,涉及病证广泛,其中呼吸系统疾病应用次数最多(占总系统99.36%),其中以哮喘为多(113次),其次为小儿变异性哮喘(61次)。这些疾病若中医病机属于“寒饮郁肺”,皆能运用具有温化寒饮、下气祛痰的射干麻黄汤进行治疗,效果显著。综上,射干麻黄汤临床应用广泛、疗效显著,具有开发价值。
Shegan Mahuang Decoction(射干麻黄汤),also named Ziwan Powder(紫菀散),with the effect of diffusing the lung and relieving panting,stopping cough and dispelling phlegm,is a classical formula specialized in treating cough and reversing Qi resulting from cold fluid retained in lung and phlegm stagnated in throat,and included in the Catalogue of Ancient Classical Prescriptions(Second Batch)——Han Ethnicity published in September,2023.Medical experts had inherited and developed this formula and applied in clinical practice to this day.The historic evolution,dosage,drug origin,processing methods,decocting methods and other key information of Shegan Mahuang Decoction were collected and analyzed in the method of bibliometrics.We recommended the drug dosage of the prescription were Shegan(Belamcandae Radix)41.1 g,and Mahuang(Ephedrae Herba),Shengjiang(Zingiber Officinale)55.2 g respectively,Xixin(Asari Radix et Rhizoma),Ziwan(Aster Radix et Rhizoma),Kuandonghua(Farfarae Flos)41.4 g respectively,Wuweizi(Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus)51.3 g,Qingbanxia(Pinellia Rhizoma Praeparatumcum Alumine)34.5 g,Dazao(Jujubae Fructus)21 g were decocted with 2400 mL of water to 600 mL,with Mahuang(Ephedrae Herba)decocted twice and unnecessary foam needs to be skimmed off.One dose includes 200 mL,and it's suggested taken warm and 3 times a day.Shegan Mahuang Decoction has a wide ancient and modern clinical application.The ancient clinical application of Shegan Mahuang Decoction are lung atrophy causing upper Qi,cough and uneven breath of acute wind,early stage of lung atrophy,external cold and internal heat causing cough and chest pain and other symptoms,with cough and reversing Qi and wheezing dyspnea.Shegan Mahuang Decoction can be used in treating respiratory system disease,cardiovascular system diseases and other diseases.Shegan Mahuang Decoction is most frequently used in treating respiratory diseases making up for 99.36%of its application like asthma(113 times)and pediatric variant asthma(61 times).If these diseases share the same traditional Chinese medicine pathogenesis of“cold fluid retained in lung”,Shegan Mahuang Decoction with the effect of warming Yang and resolving retained fluid and downbearing counterflow and dispelling phlegm can be used in treating these diseases.In conclusion,Shegan Mahuang Decoction has a wide clinical application and accurate efficacy,and has potential in developing drugs.
作者
李懿涵
梁绿圆
曹佳蕾
唐箐
李静雯
黄憧羿
陈金雨
魏炳琦
马丙祥
LI Yihan;LIANG Lyuyuan;CAO Jialei;TANG Jing;LI Jingwen;HUANG Tongyi;CHEN Jinyu;WEI Bingqi;MA Bingxiang(Pediatric Hospital,The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450099,Henan,China;Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan,China;Zhengzhou Shizhuo Pharmaceutical Technology Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan,China;Henan Liangjishi Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan,China)
出处
《辽宁中医药大学学报》
CAS
2024年第12期152-160,共9页
Journal of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金(81973904)
河南省特色骨干学科中医学学科建设项目(STG-ZYX06-202144,STG-ZYXKY-2020023)
河南省中医学“双一流”创建科学研究专项课题(HSRP-DFCTCM-2023-3-06,HSRP-DFCTCM-2023-2-08)。
关键词
经典名方
射干麻黄汤
古今应用
关键信息
文献考证
classical formula
Shegan Mahuang Decoction(射干麻黄汤)
ancient and modern literature
key information
textual research
