摘要
为明确水氮耦合对设施樱桃番茄生长发育、产量及品质的影响,同时为设施番茄水氮管理提供科学依据,设置4个灌溉处理,在5个生育期(缓苗期、发育期、开花期、结果前期和结果后期),维持不同的土壤含水量:W1(80%-80%-80%-80%-80%)、W2(70%-70%-60%-70%-80%)、W3(60%-60%-60%-70%-70%)、W4(45%-50%-60%-60%-70%),同时设置3个氮肥施用水平:N1(300 kg/hm^(2))、N2(240 kg/hm^(2))、N3(180 kg/hm^(2)),观测不同水氮耦合对设施樱桃番茄的影响。结果表明,不同灌溉和施氮的处理对番茄的产量和品质影响显著,且灌溉因素大于施氮因素,适当缺水灌溉可在不显著降低番茄产量的同时提高番茄品质。结构方程模型的结果表明,总灌溉量与株高、茎粗和产量均呈极显著正相关(P<0.001);施氮量与茎粗呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与甜度呈显著正相关,与产量呈极显著正相关。根据试验结果,构建针对樱桃番茄产量及甜度的水氮耦合模型。模型模拟的结果表明,总灌溉量、施氮量为69.08 L和300 kg/hm^(2)时,樱桃番茄产量达到最大(2.77 kg);总灌溉量、施氮量为41.08 L和225 kg/hm^(2)时,樱桃番茄甜度达到最大(7.67)。构建的水氮耦合模型可为设施樱桃番茄的管理提供科学的水氮配方,并为未来设施樱桃番茄的水肥一体化应用提供数据基础。
In order to reveal the comprehensive influence of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization coupling on the growth,yield and quality of cherry tomatoes in the greenhouse,and to provide scientific basis for irrigation and nitrogen management of cherry tomatoes in the greenhouse,four irrigation treatments were set up to maintain different soil water content in five growth stages(such as slow seedling stage,development stage,flowering stage,early bearing stage and late bearing stage)as follows:W1(80%-80%-80%-80%-80%),W2(70%-70%-60%-70%-80%),W3(60%-60%-60%-70%-70%),and W4(45%-50%-60%-60%-70%)at the same time,three nitrogen fertilizer levels were applied at N1(300 kg/hm^(2)),N2(240 kg/hm^(2)),and N3(180 kg/hm^(2)),respectively,to observe the effects of different water and nitrogen coupling on cherry tomato.The experiment results showed that different irrigation and nitrogen application treatments had significant effects on tomato yield and quality,with irrigation having a greater impact than nitrogen fertilizer application.Appropriate deficit irrigation could improve tomato quality without significantly reducing tomato yield.The results of structural equation model simulation analysis showed that the total irrigation was highly significantly positively correlated with plant height,stem diameter and yield of cherry tomato(P<0.001),nitrogen application was significantly negatively correlated with stem diameter(P<0.05),significantly positively correlated with sweetness and highly significantly positively correlated with yield of cherry tomato.An irrigation-nitrogen coupling model was established based on the results of the present study,aiming at the yield and quality of cherry tomato.The model shows that the cherry tomato yield will reach maximum(2.77 kg/plant),when total irrigation reaches 69.08 L and nitrogen fertilizer application reaches 300 kg/hm^(2).The Brix of cherry tomato will reach maximum(7.67),when total irrigation reaches 41.08 L and nitrogen fertilizer application reaches 225 kg/hm^(2).The model of the present study can offer a scientific irrigation-nitrogen recipe,and provide data support for future fertigation application to cherry tomato management under greenhouse cultivation.
作者
刘杨
夏皓
李远
任妮
Liu Yang;Xia Hao;Li Yuan;Ren Ni(Institute of Agricultural Information,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Technology(Yangtze River Delta),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing,210014,China;School of Agricultural Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang,212013,China)
出处
《中国农机化学报》
北大核心
2024年第12期200-207,共8页
Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization
基金
江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2021379)。
关键词
樱桃番茄
水氮耦合
设施栽培
光合作用
结构方程模型
cherry tomato
irrigation and nitrogen coupling
greenhouse cultivation
photosynthesis
structural equation model
