摘要
目的:调查机构照护与居家照护老年人接受长期护理服务现况,为弥合长期护理服务供需差距、建立完善的长期护理保险制度提供参考。方法:采用横断面研究,利用目的抽样方法选取样本,对2023年6月1日青岛市某机构内全部长期护理保险受益老年人进行1个月的观察与记录,分析机构和居家照护老年人的Barthel指数、护理问题和护理服务,并对护理工作量和Barthel指数进行相关性分析。结果:共纳入635例失能老年人,包括436例机构照护的老年人和199例居家照护的老年人。男性218例(34.3%),女性417例(65.7%)。机构照护服务涵盖医疗护理、生活照料、功能维护、辅具服务和健康教育,护理工作量与Barthel指数呈负相关(r=-0.782,P<0.001);居家照护较为集中于简单易行的医疗护理和健康教育,且工作量与Barthel指数不相关(r=0.113,P=0.702)。结论:机构照护和居家照护为失能老年人提供的护理服务内容和护理工作量存在差异,同时心理照护服务仍有较大欠缺,居家照护表现尤为明显。未来在提供高质量的医疗和生活照护的同时,还应当关注老年人的心理状况,精准对接老年人的多元化健康需求,以提高长期护理服务的质量与水平。
Objective:To investigate the current status of long-term care services for elderly population at institutional and home-based service.Methods:A cross-sectional study method was performed to observe and record all the elderly beneficiaries of Long-Term Care insurance who accepted institutional and home care services from 1 June 2023 for 1 month in Qingdao.Descriptive statistics method were applied to analyze Barthel Index,care issues and care services.Correlation analyse was conducted between the care workload and Barthel Index.Results:A total of 635 cases of disabled elderly were included,including 436 cases of institutional care and 199 cases of home care.There were 218(34.3%)males and 417(65.7%)females.Institutional care services covered medical care,daily living care,functional maintenance,assistive services and health education.The nursing workload was negatively correlated with Barthel Index(r=-0.782,P<0.001).Home care focused on simple and easy-to-use medical care measures and health education services.The workload was not correlated with Barthel Index(r=0.113,P=0.702).Conclusion:There are differences in the care service content and care workload provided to the disabled elderly between institutional care and home care.The psychological care services are insufficient,especially in the case of home care.Institutional and home care should provide high-quality medical and daily living care,pay attention to the psychological condition of the elderly,and accurately match the diversified health care needs of the elderly in order to enhance the quality and level of long-term care services.
作者
霍姗姗
李乔晟
简伟研
HUO Shanshan;LI Qiaosheng;JIAN Weiyan(School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing,100191,China)
出处
《中国护理管理》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第11期1646-1650,共5页
Chinese Nursing Management
基金
国家自然科学基金(72174007)。
关键词
长期护理
服务需求
长期护理保险
失能老年人
long-term care
demand for service
long-term care insurance
disabled elderly
