摘要
【目的】本试验通过对比4种光源下北京油鸡的生长性能、屠宰性能、性发育相关指标,探究北京油鸡养殖过程中的最优光源。【方法】试验选取体重相近的1日龄商品代北京油鸡公雏720只,随机分配到白炽灯、荧光灯、暖白LED灯和冷白LED灯4个光照处理组中,每个处理组5个重复,每个重复36只鸡。分别在第4、8和13周龄末时,以重复为单位测定生产性能;从每个重复中随机挑选1只鸡进行性激素相关指标测定。13周龄末,从每个重复中选取接近各重复平均体重的3只鸡测定屠宰性能和性器官指数。【结果】在整个生长阶段,白炽灯组和冷白LED灯组北京油鸡采食量显著高于荧光灯组和暖白LED灯组(P<0.05),暖白LED灯组料重比显著低于冷白LED灯组和荧光灯组(P<0.05),白炽灯组料重比最高且显著高于其他3组(P<0.05)。4种光源对北京油鸡屠宰性能没有显著影响(P>0.05)。在性发育方面,白炽灯组和冷白LED灯组北京油鸡睾酮的分泌显著高于荧光灯组(P<0.05),暖白LED灯组处于中等水平;白炽灯组、冷白LED灯组和暖白LED灯组北京油鸡褪黑素的分泌显著高于荧光灯组(P<0.05)。4种光源间公鸡的睾丸指数和鸡冠厚度无显著差异(P>0.05);暖白LED灯组和荧光灯组鸡冠长度显著大于白炽灯组(P<0.05),冷白LED灯组处于中等水平;与之类似,鸡冠高度以暖白LED灯组最高且显著大于白炽灯组(P<0.05),荧光灯组和冷白LED灯组处于中等水平。【结论】在北京油鸡的养殖过程中,采用LED灯作为光照系统可以显著提高北京油鸡的生长性能,而且LED灯还可以促进性发育相关激素的分泌,间接促进性发育。
【Objective】This experiment was aimed to explore the optimal light source for Beijing-You chickens by comparing the growth performance,slaughter performance,and sex development-related indicators under four different light sources.【Method】A total of 7201-day-old commercial Beijing-You chickens with similar body weights were randomly assigned to four light treatment groups:Incandescent lamp,fluorescent lamp,warm white LED lamp and cool white LED lamp.Each treatment group was divided into 5 replicates,with 36 chickens per replicate.At the end of the 4th,8th and 13th weeks of age,production performance was measured for each replicate.One chicken was randomly selected from each replicate,and a total of 5 chickens in each treatment group were measured for sex hormone-related indexes.At the end of 13 weeks of age,3 chickens with body weight close to the average of each replicate were selected from each replicate,and a total of 15 chickens were collected per treatment group,for the measurement of slaughter performance and sexual organ index.【Result】The results showed that throughout the growth period,the feed intake of chickens in incandescent lamp and cool white LED lamp groups were significantly higher than that of fluorescent lamp group and warm white LED lamp group(P<0.05),the feed to gain ratio in warm white LED lamp group was significantly lower than that of cool white LED lamp and fluorescent lamp groups(P<0.05),and incandescent lamp group had the highest feed to gain ratio among the four groups(P<0.05).The four light sources had no significant effect on the slaughter performance of Beijing-You chicken(P>0.05).In terms of sexual development,the secretion of testosterone in the incandescent lamp and the cool white LED lamp groups were significantly higher than that of fluorescent lamp group(P<0.05),and it was at an intermediate level in warm white LED lamp group.The secretion of melatonin in incandescent lamp,cool white LED lamp and warm white LED lamp groups were significantly higher than that of fluorescent lamp group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in testicular organ index and cockscomb thickness of roosters among the four light sources groups(P>0.05),the length of chicken comb in warm white LED and fluorescent lamp groups were significantly greater than that in incandescent lamp group(P<0.05),and it was at an intermediate level in cool white LED lamp group.Similarly,the cockscomb height was the highest in warm white LED lamp group,and it was significantly larger than that in incandescent lamp group(P<0.05),and it was at an intermediate level in fluorescent lamp and cool white LED lamp groups.【Conclusion】Using LED lamps in the lighting system for Beijing-You chickens could significantly improve the growth performance.Moreover,LED lamps could also promote the secretion of sex development-related hormones,indirectly facilitating sexual development.
作者
马忠
李云雷
李冬立
常卓
杨宇泽
陈超
孙研研
郭艳丽
陈继兰
MA Zhong;LI Yunlei;LI Dongli;CHANG Zhuo;YANG Yuze;CHEN Chao;SUN Yanyan;GUO Yanli;CHEN Jilan(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding,Institute of Animal Science of CAAS,Beijing 100193,China;Beijing Wo De Chen Long Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101200,China;Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry,Beijing 100101,China)
出处
《中国畜牧兽医》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第12期5225-5233,共9页
China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine
基金
北京市特色畜禽遗传资源保护项目(202203310002)
现代农业产业技术体系蛋鸡体系(CARS-40)。
关键词
北京油鸡
光源
生产性能
屠宰性能
性发育
Beijing-You chicken
light sources
growth performance
slaughter performance
sexual development
