摘要
下肢深静脉血栓形成(Deep Vein Thrombosis,DVT)是一种凝块形成始于小腿深静脉并具有向近端发展趋势的急性静脉血栓栓塞性疾病,是骨科围手术期最常见的并发症之一。下肢DVT的治疗周期较长、难度较大,还会增加医疗经济负担及手术风险,同时也是骨科围手术期患者主要的死亡原因之一。DVT对医疗界而言是一个重大的难题,曾有研究提出在骨科大手术的围手术期DVT的发生率超过50%。尽管不同部位的DVT发生率不同,但均存在栓子脱落造成肺栓塞的风险,若能在早期进行有效预防,将大幅度减少患者的痛苦及经济负担。目前为止,临床医师已经积极采取各种防治措施,为此制定了专家共识和指南。尽管在指南指导下进行药物抗凝预防,仍存在许多难以掌控的不良反应,尤其对于老年患者,有较高的出血风险,部分患者因血栓脱落造成肺栓塞而失去生命,该结果无论是对患者自身的小家庭还是社会这一大家庭都有不容乐观的影响。众多学者对防治下肢DVT进行了不计其数的研究,其中中医药防治以其安全高效、低不良反应等优势成为了近年来预防下肢DVT的研究热点。文章将从中医和西医的角度对DVT的发病机制及防治措施的认识进行综合讨论,以期探寻对DVT更加有效且安全的早期防治措施,为优化DVT防治提供一定的依据及参考作用。
Deep Vein Thrombosis(DVT)of lower extremity is an acute venous thromboembolic disease in which clot formation begins in the deep veins of the lower leg and develops proximally.It is one of the most common complications in orthopaedic perioperative period.The treatment of lower extremity DVT is longer period and more difficult,which will increase the medical economic burden and surgical risk,and is also one of the main causes of death in orthopaedic patients during perioperative period.DVT is a major challenge for the medical community,and studies have suggested that the incidence of DVT in the perioperative period of major orthopaedic surgery exceeds 50%.Although the incidence of DVT varies from site to site,there is a risk of pulmonary embolism due to embolic detachment.If it can be effectively prevented in the early stage,it will be able to drastically reduce the pain and economic burden of patients.So far,clinicians have actively adopted various prevention and control measures,and expert consensus and guidelines have been developed for this purpose.Despite of drug anticoagulation prevention under the guidance of the guidelines,there are still many adverse reactions which are difficult to control,especially for elderly patients,there is a high risk of bleeding.Some patients lose their lives due to pulmonary embolism caused by thrombus shedding,which has a negative impact on both their own small family and the community.Numerous scholars have conducted numerous studies on the prevention and treatment of lower limb DVT.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has become a research hotspot in the prevention of lower limb DVT in recent years due to its advantages of safety,high efficiency and low adverse reactions.This paper will comprehensively discuss the pathogenesis and prevention measures of DVT from the perspective of TCM and Western medicine,in order to explore more effective and safe early prevention and treatment measures for DVT,and provide certain basis and reference for optimizing the prevention and treatment of DVT.
作者
魏婉清
陈培生
梁雅茜
林凤飞
WEI Wanqing;CHEN Peisheng;LIANG Yaqian;LIN Fengfei
出处
《中医临床研究》
2024年第24期47-52,共6页
Clinical Journal Of Chinese Medicine
基金
福建省创伤骨科急救与康复临床医学研究中心项目(2020Y2014)
福州市科技创新创业人才培育计划项目(2022-R-009)。
关键词
下肢深静脉血栓形成
中西医结合
综述
Lower extremity deep vein thrombosis
Integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine
Review
