摘要
为探讨C/N对枸杞枝条粉园艺基质化腐熟发酵过程中堆体理化性状及微生物群落多样性的影响,以宁夏枸杞枝条粉为研究材料,以尿素为氮源,分别设置C/N为15(W1)、20(W2)、25(W3)、30(W4)、35(W5)、43.75(W6)。结果表明:整个发酵过程中各处理的pH和电导率均呈现逐渐降低趋势,总氮含量逐渐升高,铵态氮含量呈现先增加后降低的总体变化规律,硝态氮含量各时期变化规律较为一致,均呈现出先增加、后降低、再升高的折线变化规律。在整个发酵过程中纤维素酶活性差异较大,C/N为20~35处理W2、W3、W4、W5在发酵过程中呈现出持续上升趋势,C/N过低(15)或过高(43.75)表现为发酵前期(0~15 d)呈小幅度上升趋势,在15~105 d时间内呈现缓慢下降趋势。发酵堆体中脲酶变化规律为先增加、后降低、再增加的变化规律。C/N为20时,纤维素、半纤维素降解率值最大,而木质素增加值最大。在属水平上草酸降解菌(Pandoraea)、亚硝基单胞菌(Nitrosomonas)、亚硝基螺旋体(Nitrosospira)、假单胞菌(Pseudomonas)、双球菌(Paracoccus)、陶厄氏菌(Thauera)、嗜酸盐杆菌(Acidihalobacter)、绵羊属(Ovis)、马赛菌属(Massilia)、硝化细菌(Nitrobacter)、游动放线菌属(Actinoplanes)、硫磺菌属(Sulfuritortus)均为优势菌群。C/N较高时(C/N≥25),枸杞枝条发酵堆体微生物群落物种数量、物种多样性、丰富度、物种均匀度均显著增加,基于PCA分析得出C/N值25为氨化作用和硝化作用临界值、C/N值35为反硝化作用临界值。因此,为加速枸杞枝条粉发酵过程并减少氮素流失,建议发酵堆体初始C/N保持在20~25之间。
To explore the effects of C/N ratios on the physicochemical properties and microbial community diversity during the composting process of wolfberry branch powder for horticultural substrate production,this study used Ningxia wolfberry branch powder as base material and urea as the nitrogen source.The original mixtures were adjusted to C/N ratios of 15(W1),20(W2),25(W3),30(W4),35(W5),and 43.75(W6).The results showed that during the composting process,for all treatments,the pH and conductivity showed a gradually decreasing trend,while the total nitrogen content a gradually increasing trend.The ammonium nitrogen content showed a first increasing and then decreasing trend,while the nitrate nitrogen content increased first,then decreased and increased again.During the composting process,cellulase activity was significantly different among treatments.Specifically,it showed a continuous upward trend under the treatments W2,W3,W4 and W5 when C/N was 20-35.However,it showed a small upward trend in the early composting period(0-15 days)and a slow downward trend in 15-105 days when the C/N was too low(15)or too high(43.75).With respect to urease,it increased first,then decreased and increased again.When C/N was 20,the degradation rate of cellulose and hemicellulose and the increment value of lignin showed the highest values.At the genus level,Pandoraea,Nitrosomonas,Nitrosospira,Pseudomonas,Paracoccus,Thauera,Acidihalobacter,Ovis,Massilia,Nitrobacter,Actinoplanes and Sulfitortus were all dominant bacterial groups.When C/N was higher(C/N≥25),there were significantly increasing trends for the species number,species diversity,richness and species uniformity of the microbial community in the composting pile of CMS.Based on PCA analysis,C/N value 25 was the critical value of ammonification and nitrification,and C/N value 35 was the critical value of denitrification.Hence,to expedite the composting process and minimize nitrogen loss,it is recommended to maintain the initial C/N ratio of the composting pile within the range of 20-25.
作者
曲继松
霍银亮
张丽娟
朱倩楠
QU Jisong;HUO Yinliang;ZHANG Lijuan;ZHU Qiannan(Institute of Horticultural,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China)
出处
《西北农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第12期2365-2376,共12页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(31860576,U21A20226)
宁夏农业高质量发展资助项目(NGSB2021803)。
关键词
枸杞枝条粉
发酵
C/N
理化性状
氮素转化
微生物群落
Wolfberry branch powder
Fermentation
C/N
Physicochemical properties
Nitrogen conversion
Microbial community
