摘要
目的旨在探讨理想的心血管健康行为和因素对中青年人群高血压发病的影响。方法选择2015-2016年在中南大学湘雅三医院完成年度体检的5372名企事业单位在职人员作为观察队列,随访高血压发病情况,应用多变量Cox比例风险回归模型,校正相关因素后,比较不同理想心血管健康行为和因素人群间高血压的发病风险及累积效应。结果最终纳入统计的研究对象为4883例,平均年龄(37.80±9.92)岁。平均随访5.33年,有1048例新发高血压患者,累计发病率为21.46%。校正相关危险因素后,不吸烟、理想体重、经常运动、理想血压、理想胆固醇水平者较吸烟、非理想体重、非理想运动状态、非理想血压、非理想胆固醇水平者高血压发病风险分别降低21%(HR=0.79,95%CI 0.69~0.92)、34%(HR=0.66,95%CI 0.58~0.75)、33%(HR=0.67,95%CI 0.58~0.77)、80%(HR=0.20,95%CI 0.17~0.25)和12%(HR=0.88,95%CI0.77~0.99)。研究对象中具有0~2、3、4、5和6~7项理想心血管健康行为和因素者所占比例分别为14.64%、18.62%、25.76%、28.40%和12.57%,其高血压累积发病率分别为50.35%、32.67%、20.83%、6.99%和5.21%。与具有0~2项理想心血管健康行为和因素者比较,具有3、4、5和6~7项者,新发高血压的风险分别降低33%(HR=0.67,95%CI 0.58~0.79)、57%(HR=0.43,95%CI 0.36~0.51)、82%(HR=0.18,95%CI 0.14~0.23)和85%(HR=0.15,95%CI 0.10~0.21)。结论理想的心血管健康行为和因素是防止高血压发生的保护因素。
Objective Aims to investigate the effects of these ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors on the incidence of hypertension in young and middle-aged populations.Methods A cohort of 5372 employed individuals who underwent annual health examinations at The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between 2015and 2016 was selected for the study.The incidence of hypertension was monitored,and a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model was applied.After adjusting for relevant factors,the risks of hypertension and cumulative effects were compared among groups with different ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors.Results A total of 4883 subjects were included in the analysis,with a mean age of(37.80±9.92)years.The average follow-up period was 5.33 years,during which 1048 new cases of hypertension were identified,resulting in a cumulative incidence rate of 21.46%.After adjusting for relevant risk factors,the risk of developing hypertension was reduced by 21%(HR=0.79,95%CI 0.69-0.92)for non-smokers,34%(HR=0.66,95%CI 0.58-0.75)for those with ideal body weight,33%(HR=0.67,95%CI 0.58-0.77)for regular exercisers,80%(HR=0.20,95%CI 0.17-0.25)for those with ideal blood pressure,and 12%(HR=0.88,95%CI 0.77-0.99)for those with ideal cholesterol levels compared to smokers,those with nonideal body weight,non-regular exercisers,those with non-ideal blood pressure,and those with non-ideal cholesterol levels.The proportions of study subjects exhibiting 0-2,3,4,5,and 6-7 ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors were 14.64%,18.62%,25.76%,28.40%,and 12.57%,respectively,with corresponding cumulative incidence rates of hypertension at 50.35%,32.67%,20.83%,6.99%,and 5.21%.Compared to individuals with 0-2 ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors,the risks of developing new hypertension were reduced by 33%(HR=0.67,95%CI 0.58-0.79),57%(HR=0.43,95%CI 0.36-0.51),82%(HR=0.18,95%CI 0.14-0.23),and 85%(HR=0.15,95%CI 0.10-0.21)for those with 3,4,5,and 6-7 ideal behaviors and factors,respectively.Conclusion Ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and other factors were identified as protective against the occurrence of hypertension.
作者
颜磊
李莹
王建刚
杨娉婷
Yan Lei;Li Ying;Wang Jiangang;Yang Pingting(Health Management Medical Center,The Third Xiangya Hospital,Central South University,Changsha 410013,Hunan,China;Department of General Practice,The Third Xiangya Hospital,Central South University,Changsha 410013,Hunan,China)
出处
《生物医学转化》
2024年第4期106-112,124,共8页
Biomedical Transformation
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2500500)
湖南省卫生健康委卫生科研课题(W20243020)
诺·启ASCVD管理科研创新基金项目(2023-CCA-ASCVD-018)
国家临床重点专科重大科研专项项目(Z2023058)。
关键词
高血压
心血管健康行为和因素
队列研究
Hypertension
Cardiovascular health behaviors and factor
Cohort study
