摘要
【目的】芒洲湿地位于珠海市横琴粤澳深度合作区,是“东亚-澳大利亚”候鸟迁徙路线上的重要驿站,为了研究洪鹤大桥工程建设及工程运营期对芒洲湿地鸟类的影响,为其他公路工程穿越滨海湿地的鸟类保护工作提供参考依据。【方法】本文采用实地固定样线的调查方法,对比工程建设前的鸟类情况,分析了珠海市洪鹤大桥工程建设期及工程运营期对芒洲湿地鸟种类和数量、居留类型、重点保护鸟类等的影响。【结果】研究结果表明:2013—2022年期间,芒洲湿地共记录到15目44科123种鸟类;2018—2020年,因洪鹤大桥建设,芒洲湿地鸟类种类、数量、留居类型都明显减少,洪鹤大桥的施工建设期对芒洲湿地鸟类种类数量影响较大,2021年生态修复后,鸟类的种类、数量、留居类型呈现上升趋势;洪鹤大桥建设期间,芒洲湿地的留鸟种类基本维持稳定;对比施工前调查结果,调查发现的珍稀保护鸟类在项目施工期、运营期调查监测中均有发现其踪迹,且在运营期珍稀保护鸟类种类、数量大幅增长,但也有部分鸟类,仅在2013年或2018年出现过,此后再无记录。【结论】洪鹤大桥建设项目及运营对鸟类的影响主要来自项目施工及运营期间的人为干扰、噪声惊扰及光源影响;工程施工和运行的主要影响对象为冬候鸟;工程建成后包含保护鸟类在内的种类均有大幅增长;公路工程对滨海湿地鸟类的影响主要在施工期,应加强工程建设施工期的保护措施。
〔Objective〕The Mangzhou Wetland is located in the Hengqin Guangdong-Macao Deep Cooperation Zone of Zhuhai City,which is an important relay station on the migration route of"East Asia Australia"migratory birds.In order to study the impact of the construction and operation of the Honghe Bridge project on the birds in Mangzhou Wetland and provide reference for the bird protection work of other highway projects crossing coastal wetlands.〔Method〕this article uses a field survey method with fixed sampling lines to compare the bird situation before the construction of the Honghe Bridge project in Zhuhai.It analyzes the impact of the construction and operation periods of the project on the species and quantity,residential types,and key protected birds of birds in the Mangzhou Wetland.〔Result〕The research results indicate that from 2013 to 2022,a total of 123 bird species belonging to 15 orders,44 families,were recorded in the Mangzhou Wetland;From 2018 to 2020,due to the construction of the Honghe Bridge,the species,quantity,and dwelling types of birds in the Mangzhou Wetland significantly decreased.The construction period of the Honghe Bridge had a significant impact on the number of bird species in the Mangzhou Wetland.After ecological restoration in 2021,the species,quantity,and dwelling types of birds in the park showed an upward trend;During the construction of the Honghe Bridge,the species of resident birds in the Mangzhou Wetland remained basically stable;Compared with the survey results before construction,the trace of rare protected birds found in the survey and monitoring during the construction and operation period of the project has been found,and the number of rare protected birds has increased significantly during the operation period,but there are also some birds,which only appeared in 2013 or 2018,and there is no record in the future.〔Conclusion〕The impact of the Honghe Bridge construction project and operation on birds mainly comes from human interference,noise disturbance,and light source influence during the project construction and operation period;The main impact objects of engineering construction and operation are winter migratory birds;After the completion of the project,there has been a significant increase in the number of species,including protected birds;The impact of highway engineering on coastal wetland birds mainly occurs during the construction period,and protection measures should be strengthened during the construction period.
作者
李胜华
刘古月
Li Shenghua;Liu Guyue(Pearl River Water Resources Research Institute,Guangzhou Guangdong 510611,China;Research Center on Pearl River Estuary&Coast Ministry of Water Resources,Guangzhou Guangdong 510611,China;Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Life and Health of Riv-er&Lake,Guangzhou Guangdong 510611,China)
出处
《环境与发展》
2024年第6期17-23,30,共8页
Environment & Development
关键词
交通工程
建设
芒洲湿地
鸟类
影响分析
Highway engineering
Construction
Mangzhou Wetland Park
Birds
Analysis
