摘要
水生态系统服务流是目前生态系统服务的研究热点。基于动态视角的服务流动评估可以帮助更好的分析水生态系统服务供需之间的矛盾,从而实现对水资源的科学管理和分配以提高人类福祉。总结目前已有的水生态系统服务流文献,阐述了水生态系统服务流的定义和分类、尺度特征、载体特征、国内外研究区域分布和研究对象。目前主要是从两个角度探讨了水生态系统服务流的概念,一个是强调流动路径,另一个强调流动的结果,不同的研究角度使得水生态系统服务流的相关概念尚未统一。梳理了目前水生态系统服务流评估的基本流程与方法,主要包括数据的收集、供需计算、水生态系统服务物质流评估和价值流评估,接着总结了目前水生态系统服务流应用方向,包括区域水生态安全评估、流域生态补偿以及洪水管理。论述了水生态系统服务流的研究不足:(1)可用水生态系统服务流分析模型较少,现有网络模型缺陷较多;(2)缺乏水生态系统服务流与其他服务流的权衡与协同分析;(3)对水生态系统服务与自然生态系统相互作用的研究尚未充分开展。最后对未来水生态系统服务流的研究进行展望:(1)开发适配程度更高的水生态系统服务流模型;(2)多尺度整合研究;(3)进行水生态系统服务流耦合分析,以期促进水生态系统服务流研究朝着更加系统以及科学的方向发展。
Water ecosystem service flow is currently a hot topic in the field of ecosystem services.Assessing the ecosystem service flow from a dynamic perspective can help better analyze the contradictions between supply and demand of water ecosystem services,so as to achieve scientific management and allocation of water resources to improve human well-being.This paper summarizes the existing literature on water ecosystem service flows,describes definition and classification,the scale characteristics and carrier characteristics of the water ecosystem service flows,and analyses domestic and international distribution of research regions and study objects.The concept of water ecosystem service flow has been described mainly from two perspectives.One focuses on the path of the water ecosystem service flow and the other focuses on the outcome of the water ecosystem service flow.Different research perspectives have made the concepts of water ecosystem service flow not yet unified.There are also differences in the main influencing factors of water ecosystem service flows at different spatial and temporal scales.Meanwhile,water as the main carrier of water ecosystem service flows,has brought great convenience to the research with its figurative biophysical properties.Then the basic processes and methods of current water ecosystem service flow assessment are sorted out,mainly including data collection,water ecosystem service supply and demand calculation,assessment of material flow of water ecosystem services and assessment of value flow of water ecosystem services.Current applications of water ecosystem service flows to water resources management are summarized,including the assessment of regional water ecosystem security,watershed ecological compensation,and flood management.The shortcomings of current researches on water ecosystem service flows are discussed as follows:(1)fewer available models for analyzing water ecosystem service flow and more defects in the existing network models;(2)a lack of trade-offs and synergistic analyses of water ecosystem service flows and other service flows;(3)insufficient research on the interactions between water ecosystem services and natural ecosystems.Finally,the future prospects for research on water ecosystem service flows are proposed to:(1)develop more adaptable models for water ecosystem service flows;(2)integrate research at multiple scales;and(3)perform coupled analyses of water ecosystem service flows,with a view to promoting the research on water ecosystem service flows in a more systematic as well as scientific direction.
作者
陈龙
徐丽
于名召
贺桂珍
CHEN Long;XU Li;YU Mingzhao;HE Guizhen(State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《生态学报》
北大核心
2025年第2期1000-1012,共13页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(U21A2041,32201435)
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3804905)。
关键词
水生态系统服务流
评估流程
水生态安全
生态补偿
water ecosystem service flow
assessment process
water ecological safety
ecological compensation
