摘要
中国近代是一个半殖民地半封建社会,帝国主义与中华民族的矛盾、封建主义与人民大众的矛盾是社会两大主要矛盾,中华民族要实现从“自在”到“自觉”的转型,既要反对帝国主义,把中华民族从帝国主义的侵略和掠夺下解放出来,也要反对封建主义,把人民大众从封建主义的压迫和束缚下解放出来。反帝与反封建,亦即民族革命和民主革命,两者相辅相承,相互促进,共同推动了中华民族从“自在”到“自觉”的转型。作为旧式农民阶级的运动,太平天国运动和义和团运动对中华民族共同体“自觉”转型的推动作用是间接的;作为资产阶级的改革运动和革命,戊戌变法和辛亥革命开启了中华民族共同体“自觉”转型的历程;中国共产党领导的新民主主义革命推动中华民族共同体“自觉”转型最终完成。
Modern China was a semi-colonial,semi-feudal society,where the two main social contradictions were those between imperialism and the Chinese nation,and between feudalism and the masses. For the Chinese nation to achieve the transformation from“unconscious existence”to“conscious awareness,”it was necessary to oppose imperialism and liberate the Chinese nation from imperialist aggression and plundering,as well as to oppose feudalism and liberate the masses from the oppression and constraints of feudalism. The struggle against imperialism and feudalism,that is,the national revolution and the democratic revolution,complemented and reinforced each other,jointly advancing the transformation of the Chinese national community from“unconscious”to“conscious”awareness. As movements of the old peasant class,the Taiping Rebellion and the Boxer Rebellion played an indirect role in promoting the“conscious”transformation of the Chinese national community. As bourgeois reformist and revolutionary movements,the Hundred Days' Reform and the 1911 Revolution opened the process of the“conscious”transformation of the Chinese national community.Ultimately,the New Democratic Revolution led by the Communist Party of China completed the“conscious”transformation of the Chinese national community.
作者
郑大华
ZHENG Da-hua(Institute of Modem History,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Bejing 100101,China)
出处
《北方民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第1期101-109,共9页
Journal of North Minzu University(Philosophy and Social Science)
基金
中国社会科学院长城学者计划项目“新民主主义革命时期中国共产党推进中华民族共同体建设的理论与实践研究”(2024CCXZ008)。
关键词
反封建
中华民族共同体
“自觉”转型
Anti-Feudalism
Chinese National Community
"Conscious"Transformation
