摘要
为探索蚯蚓粪在改善酸性稻田生产力应用中的潜力,选择不同水稻品种(深两优5814和准两优608)开展蚯蚓粪添加(纯土壤对照,80%土壤+20%蚯蚓粪)的盆栽试验,分析蚯蚓粪添加对抽穗和收获期稻作土壤性质和酶活性的影响。结果表明,综合两品种两时期的表现,与纯土壤对照相比,添加蚯蚓粪后土壤pH值平均由5.87提升至7.48;蚯蚓粪添加显著提高两品种抽穗期土壤总氮、硝态氮、总磷、总钾及收获期硝态氮含量,深两优5814抽穗期土壤有机质和速效钾含量,以及准两优608收获期土壤铵态氮和速效钾含量。与对照相比,添加蚯蚓粪后,两品种两时期土壤微生物量氮含量、酸性和中性磷酸酶活性均显著下降,蔗糖酶和碱性磷酸酶活性均显著上升;深两优5814两时期土壤过氧化物酶活性均显著下降;另外,添加蚯蚓粪显著增加深两优5814抽穗期土壤脲酶和收获期过氧化氢酶活性,以及准两优608收获期土壤酚氧化酶活性,显著降低准两优608抽穗期土壤脲酶活性。土壤酶活性与土壤pH值及有机质、硝态氮和速效磷含量呈显著正相关。综上所述,添加蚯蚓粪可降低酸性稻作土壤的酸度,调控碳、氮、磷转化相关酶活性,进而提高土壤肥力。本研究结果为蚯蚓粪在酸性稻作土壤改良中的应用提供了理论依据。
To explore the potential of vermicompost in improving the productivity of acidic rice paddy,different rice varieties(Shenliangyou 5814 and Zhunliangyou 608)were selected for a pot experiment with vermicompost addition(pure soil as control,80%soil+20%vermicompost).The soil properties and enzyme activities during the heading and harvest stages were analyzed.The results showed that,compared with the control(pure soil),vermicompost addition significantly increased the average soil pH value from 5.87 to 7.48 across the two varieties and stages.It also significantly improved total nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)-N)contents at the heading stage of two varieties,as well as NO_(3)^(-)-N content at the harvest stage.Vermicompost significantly increased soil organic matter(SOM)and available potassium contents at the heading stage of Shenliangyou 5814,and increased the ammonium and available potassium contents at the harvest stage of Zhunliangyou 608.Microbial biomass nitrogen,acid and neutral phosphatase activities were significantly decreased under vermicompost treatment at both varieties and stages,while sucrase and alkaline phosphatase activities were increased.The peroxidase activity decreased in both stages of Shenliangyou 5814,but urease activity increased at the heading stage and catalase activity increased at the harvesting stage.Moreover,vermicompost significantly increased phenoloxidase activity at the harvest stage,but decreased urease activity at the heading stage of Zhunliangyou 608.Soil enzyme activities were significantly positively correlated with soil pH value,SOM,NO_(3)^(-)-N,and available phosphorus contents.In conclusion,vermicompost can improve acidic soil fertility by decreasing soil acidity and regulating carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus-related enzyme activities.This study provides a theoretical basis for vermicompost application in acidic paddy field.
作者
张薇
荣飞龙
朱洪妤
曹放波
陈佳娜
陈法霖
ZHANG Wei;RONG Feilong;ZHU Hongyu;CAO Fangbo;CHEN Jiana;CHEN Falin(Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area,College of Environment&Ecology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128;College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128)
出处
《核农学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期615-623,共9页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41501325)
湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(21C0102)。
关键词
蚯蚓粪
水稻土
土壤肥力
酶活性
vermicompost
paddy soil
soil fertility
enzyme activity
