摘要
【目的】筛选‘吊干’杏种子发芽的最佳消毒方式,筛选促‘吊干’杏种子萌发的最佳方法,分析其萌发及幼苗生长特性,为揭示杏种子休眠机理及提高苗木生长质量提供参考。【方法】试验设置4种消毒杏种子处理,并用激素法、温汤浸种法、低温层积法、激素+低温层积法处理‘吊干’杏种子,测定发芽率及幼苗生长指标。【结果】(1)1%多菌灵处理杏种子,其发霉率为0.00%,对种子毒害最小,种子发芽率最高为88.67%。(2)‘吊干’杏在不去皮处理下,经激素浸种与温汤浸种,发芽率均较低,‘吊干’杏种子具有种皮休眠特性。带壳‘吊干’杏种子经低温层积,发芽时间较长,‘吊干’杏种壳具有休眠特性。(3)温汤浸种及先用激素处理后低温层积的种子发芽率及出苗率普遍不高,出苗率不整齐,且幼苗生长特性较差。500 mg/L的赤霉素处理半去皮‘吊干’杏种子发芽及出苗时间最短,种苗长势最好,发芽率高达90.50%,出苗率高达80.10%。其次低温层积处理‘吊干’杏带壳种子120 d时,发芽率及出苗率均较高,发芽率为84.67%,出苗率79.10%,且幼苗生长特性良好,但是育种时间较长。【结论】1%的多菌灵对杏种子消毒效果最佳。‘吊干’杏具有种皮、种壳休眠特性。不同方法处理‘吊干’杏种子比较,500 mg/L的赤霉素处理半去皮种子发芽率及出苗率较高,幼苗长势最好,培育周期短,生产上可作种苗培育的方法。
【Objective】To screen the best disinfection methods and mastere the best method of promoting seed germination of Dried Apricot seeds,and meanwhile,to clarify germination and seedling growth characteristics of the seeds in the hope of revealing the seed dormancy mechanism and improving the seedling growth quality.【Methods】In this experiment,four disinfection methods were set up to disinfect apricot seeds,and the Dried Apricot seeds were treated with hormone method,warm soup soaking method,low temperature layering method,and hormone+low temperature layering method,and after that,the germination and seedling growth indexes were measured.【Results】(1)The mold rate of apricot seeds treated with 1%carbendazim was 0.00%,the least toxic to seeds,and the highest germination rate of seeds was 88.67%.(2)The seed germination rate of Dried Apricot was lower after soaking in hormone and warm soup without peeling treatment,which indicated that Dried Apricot seeds had dormancy characteristics of seed coat.The germination time of the Dried Apricot seeds with shell was long at low temperature stratification,which indicated that the shell of the apricot had dormancy characteristics of seed shell.(3)Under different methods,the germination and seedling emergence time of Dried Apricot seeds treated with 500 mg/L gibberellin treatment was the shortest,and the seedling growth characteristics was the best,with a germination rate of 90.50%and a seedling emergence rate of 80.10%.In addition,after 120 days of low-temperature layering treatment of Dried Apricot,the germination rate and seedling emergence rate were higher,the germination rate was 84.67%,the seedling emergence rate was 79.10%,and the seedling growth characteristics were good,but the breeding time was longer.The seed germination rate and seedling emergence rate of warm soup soaking and low temperature layer after hormone treatment were generally not high,the seedling emergence rate was not uniform,and the seedling growth characteristics were poor.【Conclusion】The comprehensive analysis shows that 1%carbendazim has the best disinfection effect on apricot seeds,and compared with Dried Apricot seeds treated by different methods,the germination rate and seedling emergence rate of semi-peeled seeds treated with 500mg/L gibberellin are higher,the seedling growth characteristics is the best,the cultivation cycle can be greatly shortened,so the seedling cultivation method can be used in production.
作者
闫文静
秦丽欢
阿丽娅·阿力木
张大海
李嘉乐
李欢
谢辉
YAN Wenjing;QIN Lihuan;Aliya Alimu;ZHANG Dahai;LI Jiale;LI Huan;XIE Hui(Institute of Horticultural Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;College of Science and Technology,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)
出处
《新疆农业科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第12期2976-2986,共11页
Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发基金项目“新疆杏产业技术体系专项资金项目”(XJCYTX-01、XJCYTX-03)
天山英才创新人才青年拔尖人才项目(2022TSYCCX0068)
中央引导地方-特色果树种质创新与育种能力提升项目(228)。
关键词
‘吊干’杏
发芽试验
种子发芽
幼苗生长
种子休眠
Dried Apricot
germination test
germination of seeds
seedling growth
seed dormancy
