摘要
无人机坠地范围的精度和置信水平对于客观评估无人机地面风险有重要意义。不确定风场和复杂电磁环境是无人机失效坠地范围不确定性的主要诱因。针对无人机完全失效情况下的质点假设,首先,构建以初始位置和速度为边界值,以风速矢量和初始位置为随机变量的无人机弹道下降动力学模型,通过蒙特卡罗模拟确定无人机失效坠地范围。其次,提出一种确定无人机地面缓冲区包络线的绘制方法,实现对整条无人机航迹地面风险缓冲区的定量化确定。最后,以航大汉来(天津)航空技术有限公司巡检业务航线例对本文提出的方法进行了仿真验证,并与无人机在不同风场和不同运行条件下的缓冲保护区进行对比,研究不确定风场及其运行条件对无人机地面坠毁范围的作用效果,建立不同运行条件下的地面风险缓冲区。结果表明,在飞行速度更大、飞行高度更高、风速更大、风速和风向的标准差更大的条件下运行,无人机失效坠毁产生的坠地范围更广泛,建立的地面风险缓冲区的面积越大。
The accuracy and confidence level of the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)landing range are of great significance for ob-jectively assessing the UAVs ground risk.The uncertain wind field and complex electromagnetic environment are the main causes of uncertainty regarding UAV failure and landing range.Given the particle assumption in the case of complete failure of the UAV,firstly,a dynamic model of the UAV trajectory descent with the initial position and velocity as the boundary value and the wind speed vector and the initial position as random variables was constructed,and the failure and landing range of the UAV were determined by Monte Carlo simulation.Secondly,a geometric method for determining the envelope of the UAV ground risk buffer was proposed,and the quantitative determination of the ground risk buffer of the entire UAV track was realized.Finally,the method proposed was verified by taking an aerial inspection route as example and compared with the buffer protection area of the UAV in different wind fields and under various operating conditions,the effect of uncertain wind field and its operating conditions on the ground crash range of the UAV was studied,and the ground risk buffer zone under different operating conditions was established.The results show that falling at higher speed and higher altitudes under stronger winds yields a wider impacting area and a larger ground risk buffer.
作者
孟令航
武春雁
乔雷章
张弘扬
MENG Ling-hang;WU Chun-yan;QIAO Lei-zhang;ZHANG Hong-yang(College of Air traffic Management,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)
出处
《科学技术与工程》
北大核心
2025年第3期1290-1297,共8页
Science Technology and Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4300904)。
关键词
无人机
地面风险缓冲区
蒙特卡罗模拟
不确定风场
航迹误差
unmanned aerial vehicle
ground risk buffer
Monte Carlo simulation
uncertain wind field
track error
