摘要
1908年英国在喀什噶尔建立了第一个驻新疆地区领事馆,马继业为喀什噶尔领事馆首任总领事,工作时长长达28年(1890-1918)。在任期间马继业与俄国领事彼得罗夫斯基展开文书争夺,广泛搜集、盗取古文书,其中他搜集到的“库车文书”写本残片更是推动了欧洲东方学家对新疆龟兹学的研究。同时他又利用职务之便和多年来累积的人脉及影响力,帮助许多国外探险队进行新疆考察,为其提供住所、安排运输、交换信息等。例如:斯坦因、斯文赫定、伯希和、勒柯克等探险家都接受过马继业的帮助,也正是有了马继业所提供的便利,才使得这些人在新疆的考古活动更加顺利。这些考古队对新疆及西北文物造成了不可估量的伤害,马继业的行为不仅鼓励了更多欧洲考察队前来新疆盗取文物,而且直接造成了大批新疆及西北文物的外流。
In 1908,the first British consulate in Xinjiang was established in Kashgar,and George Halliday George Macartney was the first Consul general of the Kashgar Consulate,working for 28 years(1890-1918).During his term of office,George Halliday MaCartney fought for documents with Russian consul Petrovsky,and extensively collected and stole ancient documents,among which the fragments of "Kucha Documents" he collected promoted the European orientalists' research on Qiuzi studies in Xinjiang.At the same time,he also used his position and the contacts and influence accumulated over the years to help many foreign expeditions to visit Xinjiang,providing them with accommodation,arranging transportation,and exchanging information.For example:Stein,Sven Heding,Boshihe,LeKirk and other explorers have received the help of the horse industry,and it is the convenience provided by the horse industry that makes these people's archaeological activities in Xinjiang smoother.These archaeological teams caused incalculable damage to the cultural relics of Xinjiang and Northwest China.George Halliday MaCartney's behavior not only encouraged more European expeditions to come to Xinjiang to steal cultural relics,but also directly caused a large number of cultural relics of Xinjiang and Northwest China to flee.
出处
《吐鲁番学研究》
2024年第4期108-116,154,155,共11页
Turfanological Research
关键词
马继业
新疆文物
文物外流
George Halliday MaCartney
Cultural relics of Xinjiang
Outflow of cultural relics
