摘要
针对-86℃超低温医疗冷柜存在系统能耗高及常用低温制冷剂全球变暖潜能值高的问题,以采用混合工质一次节流制冷系统的568 L冷柜作为研究对象,试验研究了2种三元碳氢混合制冷剂(R600a/R170/R1150和R601a/R290/R1150)作为现有含氟化物混合制冷剂(R600a/R23/R14/R50)的替代品的可行性。分析了在不更改系统部件的情况下,2种碳氢混合物的制冷性能;对R601a/R290/R1150进行了毛细管、压缩机及充注量的调整,旨在降低制冷温度、压缩机排气温度和系统能耗。结果表明,在未更改系统部件的情况下,R600a/R170/R1150只能实现-60℃左右的制冷温度,而R601a/R290/R1150可以达到-70℃左右;减小毛细管内径及更换适用于R290的压缩机后,R601a/R290/R1150成功实现了-87.3℃的制冷温度,且与R600a/R23/R14/R50相比,最高排气温度和耗电量分别降低了11.4℃和32.9%,但降温至-81℃所需时间从246 min延长至404 min;通过进一步增大压缩机转速及制冷剂充注量,降温时间缩短至298 min,此时耗电量与R600a/R23/R14/R50相比降低了28.9%。R601a/R290/R1150不仅能够实现-86℃以下的制冷温度,而且在降低能耗、减少环境影响方面具有显著优势,是一种适用于-86℃超低温冷柜产品的性能优越的环保制冷剂替代品。
To address the challenges of high energy consumption and elevated global warming potential(GWP)associated with refrigerants in-86℃ultra-low temperature medical freezers,this study investigates a 568 L freezer employing a single-stage mixed-refrigerant J-T refrigerator.Two ternary hydrocarbon mixtures(R600a/R170/R1150 and R601a/R290/R1150)were experimentally evaluated as environmentally friendly alternatives to the conventional fluoride-containing mixture(R600a/R23/R14/R50).The refrigeration performance of the 2 hydrocarbon blends was analyzed without changing the system components;capillary,compressor and charge adjustments were made for R601a/R290/R1150 with the aim of reducing the refrigeration temperature,compressor discharge temperature and system energy consumption.Experimental results demonstrated that,without system modifications,R600a/R170/R1150 achieved a refrigeration temperature of approximately-60℃,whereas R601a/R290/R1150 attained-70℃.After reduction of the capillary tube inner diameter and replacement of the compressor with one suitable for R290,R601a/R290/R1150 achieved a refrigeration temperature of-87.3℃.Compared to R600a/R23/R14/R50,this configuration reduced the maximum discharge temperature by 11.4℃and energy consumption by 32.9%.However,the pull-down time to-81℃increased from 246 min to 404 min.Further adjustments by increasing compressor speed and refrigerant charge shortened the cooling time to 298 min while reducing energy consumption by 28.9%.These findings confirm that R601a/R290/R1150 not only achieves sub-86℃refrigeration temperatures but also exhibits superior energy efficiency and environmental benefits.Therefore,this hydrocarbon mixture presents a viable eco-friendly alternative for ultra-low temperature freezer applications.
作者
刘嘉瑞
鱼剑琳
晏刚
LIU Jiarui;YU Jianlin;YAN Gang(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China)
出处
《流体机械》
北大核心
2025年第1期1-9,共9页
Fluid Machinery
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52076160)。
关键词
-86℃超低温冷柜
混合工质一次节流制冷
制冷剂替代
碳氢化合物
能效提升
-86℃ultra-low temperature freezer
single-stage mixed-refrigerant J-T refrigerator
refrigerant alternatives
hydrocarbons
energy efficiency improvement
