摘要
离子型聚合物因其高分子链上的共价连接离子基团理化性质独特而具有重要的科研价值和应用前景,且在锂电池等新能源领域得到了应用。离子型单体聚合与聚合物后修饰是合成离子型聚合物的两种主要途径。本文概述了通过两类方法制备的阳离子型、阴离子型和两性离子型聚合物,及其在锂电池电解质、电极保护涂层、电极黏结剂方面的研究进展。鉴于重复结构单元、离子基团种类等因素对材料电导率、迁移数、电化学稳定性、力学强度等性能的显著影响,推动设计合成新结构离子型聚合物,深入展开结构与性能关系研究,有助于进一步研发能够满足特定应用需求的高性能材料,推动发展新一代安全高效且性能稳定的储能设备。
Ionic polymers are characterized by the presence of ionic groups that are covalently linked on the polymer chains,and possess unique physical and chemical properties.As a distinguished class of functional materials with important scientific research value and wide range of application prospects,ionic polymers have been utilized in the field of new energy,such as lithium batteries.The polymerization of ionic monomers and the post-modification of existing polymers are two main ways to realize the synthesis of ionic polymers.This review provides a brief overview of both cationic and anionic polymers,as well as zwitterionic polymers which are prepared through these two methods,and introduces the progress of these ionic polymers made in several critical areas such as electrolytes,protective electrode coatings and electrode binders for lithium batteries.In view of the significant impacts of the nature of repeating structural units and the types of ionic groups on the performance of the ionic polymer materials,which are crucial in determining the key properties including the ionic conductivity,ion transference number,electrochemical stability,mechanical strength and compatibility,there is a growing emphasis on the design and synthesis of novel ionic polymers with unique structures as well as conducting in-depth investigations into the relationships between polymer structure and material properties,which are expected to optimize the materials with enhancing properties and functionalities for specific applications,drive the further development of high-performance ionic polymer materials, and contribute significantly to the advancement of new-generation energy storage devices with improved safety, efficiency and stability.
作者
王怀姣
韩善涛
陈茂
WANG Huaijiao;HAN Shantao;CHEN Mao(State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers,Department of Macromolecular Science,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)
出处
《功能高分子学报》
北大核心
2025年第1期13-32,共20页
Journal of Functional Polymers
基金
国家自然科学基金(22171051)。
