摘要
标示身份姓名的命名制度是人类的普同文化。姓名是个人身份的代表,更是社会关系总和的表征,任何多民族多族群社会中,主流姓名使用方式的选择与形成,折射出特定历史过程与特定政治条件下的现实社会关系。姓氏命名法则不仅涉及被命名者身份识别,亦反映出不同社会习俗、伦理与价值。就社会治理而言,姓名制度与命名偏好直接体现治理与被治理者间的权力关系。明郑之后,台湾地区少数民族逐步脱离部落社会,纳入国家治理。在不同时期,台湾地区少数民族文化与社会形态产生极大变迁,姓名制度尤其明显。其传统姓名制度包括亲子连名制、氏族名制、家屋名制和亲从子名制等,历经清代“一体赐姓”、日据时期“皇民化”运动更改日本姓名以及光复后更改汉姓等变动,传统姓名之命名法则发生极大变迁,至今以使用汉姓汉名为主。清代以来台湾地区少数民族姓名政策以及姓名制度变迁,反映了其逐步融入中华民族共同体之历史过程。
The system of naming to indicate identity is a universal aspect of human culture.A name represents an individual's identity and manifests social relationships.In any multi-racial/ethnic society,the choice and formation of mainstream naming practices reflect real social relations under specific historical processes and political conditions.The naming convention not only involves the identification of the person named but also reflects different social customs,ethics,and values.From the perspective of social governance,the naming system and naming preferences directly embody the power relations between the governors and the governed.After the Ming-Zheng period,Taiwan's ethnic minorities gradually transitioned from tribal societies into national governance systems.Throughout different periods,the cultures and social structures of Taiwan's ethnic minorities underwent significant changes,with the naming system particularly affected.The traditional naming systems included the parent-child hyphenated name system,the clan name system,the family name system,and the parent-subsidiary name system,etc.These systems experienced major changes through events such as the Qing Dynasty's“granting of the same surname”,the“Japanization”movement where Japanese names were adopted,and the adoption of Han Chinese surnames after restoration.The evolution of the naming systems has been profound,with the current predominant use of Chinese surnames and given names.In sum,this paper traces the evolution of the naming systems among Taiwan's ethnic minorities since the Qing Dynasty and explores how the changes reflect the historical process of their integration into the broader Chinese national community.
作者
马腾嶽
向青松
MA Tengyue;XIANG Qingsong
出处
《台湾研究集刊》
2025年第1期95-109,共15页
Taiwan Research Journal
基金
2018年度国家社科基金重大项目“台湾的中华民族认同与记忆研究”(18ZDA159)
云南大学民族学一流学科建设项目资助。
关键词
台湾地区少数民族
姓名制度
命名政策
Taiwan region ethnic minorities
name systems
naming policy
