摘要
对于侵犯已公开个人信息的行为,刑事实务中存在罪与非罪的裁判分歧,刑法学理上存在入罪依据与出罪边界的定性争议。侵犯公民个人信息罪的保护法益是个人信息自决权。“违反国家有关规定”的构成要件与前置法“合理处理”规则相衔接,由此不能得出本罪不保护已公开个人信息的结论。侵犯已公开个人信息行为应当基于修正的客观开放程度标准确定出入罪之边界。有限公开的个人信息应再类型化为附限制条件公开和附目的公开的个人信息,其不得超出所附限制条件或目的;非有限公开的个人信息权利人明示拒绝或涉及重大利益时具有刑事可罚性,其中的敏感个人信息须明示同意。修正的客观开放程度标准可以契合司法实践。
For the violation of disclosed personal information,there are differences between crime and non-crime in criminal practice,and there are qualitative disputes between the basis of crime and the boundary of crime in criminal law theory.The legal benefit of the crime of infringing citizens'personal information is the right of individual information self-determination.The constitutive elements of“violation of the relevant provisions of the State”are connected with the“reasonable handling”rule of the civil law and the administrative law,so it cannot be concluded that this crime does not protect the disclosed personal information.The violation of disclosed personal information should be based on the revised objective degree of openness criteria to determine the boundary of the crime.Limited disclosure of personal information shall be reclassified into disclosure with restrictions and disclosure with purposes,which shall not exceed the attached restrictions or purposes;The full disclosure of personal information is criminally punishable when the right holder explicitly refuses or involves significant interests,and the sensitive personal information in it requires explicit consent.The revised objective openness standard can fit in with judicial practice.
作者
王冠霖
WANG Guanlin(School of Criminal Justice,China University of Political Science and Law,Haidian Beijing 100088,China)
出处
《乐山师范学院学报》
2025年第1期97-105,共9页
Journal of Leshan Normal University
关键词
已公开个人信息
修正的客观开放程度标准
侵犯公民个人信息罪
附目的公开的个人信息
disclosed personal information
revised objective openness standard
crime of infringing on citizens'personal information
personal information disclosed with purpose
