摘要
为揭示湟水河大型底栖动物功能摄食类群时空分布特征以及同环境因子的响应关系,并开展生态系统状况评价,分别于2020年秋季和2021年春季对湟水河流域开展了水生态调查研究。结果表明,湟水河大型底栖动物物种丰富度及优势物种组成均存在较大的季节性差异。秋季物种丰富度(109种或属)高于春季(81种或属),秋季优势种为四节蜉属1种(Y=0.31)、纹石蛾属1种(Y=0.08)、瑞士水丝蚓(Y=0.06)、朝大蚊属1种(Y=0.04);春季优势种为超宽直突摇蚊(Y=0.02)、直突摇蚊属1种(Y=0.03)、冷水直突摇蚊(Y=0.02)和水丝蚓属1种(Y=0.04)。功能摄食类群以收集者占绝对优势(秋季65.91%,春季71.82%),其次为滤食者、撕食者、捕食者、刮食者。物种多样性指数具有显著的时空差异性,空间上均表现为上游显著高于中下游,而时间上物种丰富度指数(Margalef)也表现出秋季显著高于春季的差异性;功能丰富度指数(F_(Ric))和功能分异度指数(F_(Div))也有显著的时空差异性,空间上表现为上游显著高于中下游,时间上表现为F_(Ric)指数秋季显著高于春季,而F_(Div)指数秋季却显著低于春季。生态系统属性评价表明湟水河生态系统的物质循环能力、物质纵向输送能力和生境稳定性在秋季和上游河段较强。冗余分析表明,秋季影响大型底栖动物群落的环境因子以水深、底质含沙量和亚硝态氮含量等为主;春季则以底质卵石比例、K^(+)和Cl^(-)等溶解性盐离子含量为主。
In order to assess spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrates functional feeding groups and their response to environmental factors in the Huangshui River Basin,and to evaluate the ecosystem status,a freshwater ecological monitoring was conducted in autumn of 2020 and spring of 2021.Results showed that there was significant seasonal differences in species richness and dominant species composition of benthic macroinvertebrates in Huangshui River.The species richness in autumn(109 species or genera)was higher than that in spring(81 species ro genera).The dominant species in autumn were Baetis sp.(Y=0.31),Hydropsyche sp.(Y=0.08),Limnodrilus helveticusi(Y=0.06)and Antocha sp.(Y=0.04),respectively.The dominant species in spring were Orthocladius excavatus(Y=0.02),Orthocladius sp.(Y=0.03),Orthocladius frigidus(Y=0.02)and Limnodrilus sp.(Y=0.04).The functional feeding groups of benthic macroinvertebrates were dominated by Gather-collectors(65.91%in autumn and 71.82%in spring),followed by Filter-collectors,Shredders,Predators and Scrapers.The species diversity index had significant spatial and temporal differences.The spatial performance was that upstream section was significantly higher than mid-downstream,and only Margalef index showed that autumn was significantly higher than the spring.Functional richness index(F_(Ric))and functional differentiation index(F_(Div))also showed significant spatial and temporal differences.Spatially,upstream was significantly higher than mid-downstream.Temporally,F_(Ric)index in autumn was significantly higher than that in spring.However,F_(Div)index in autumn was significantly lower than that in spring.Ecosystem attribute evaluation showed that Huangshui River ecosystem material cycling capacity,longitudinal transport capacity and habitat stability in autumn and upstream of the river were stronger.Redundancy analysis showed that environmental factors affecting benthic macroinvertebrates community in autumn were mainly Depth,Sand%and NO-2.In spring,Pebble%and salt ions,such as K^(+)and Cl^(-),were key environmental factors.
作者
卓丰金
杨中文
高鑫
杨辰
朱培训
陈立斌
高欣
ZHUO Fengjin;YANG Zhongwen;GAO Xin;YANG Chen;ZHU Peixun;CHEN Libin;GAO Xin(College of Resources and Environment,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;School of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)
出处
《生态毒理学报》
北大核心
2025年第1期123-139,共17页
Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology
基金
生态环境部长江流域生态环境监督管理局长江流域生态监测与科学研究中心资助项目“长江生态环境保护修复联合研究”(2022-LHYJ-02-0102)
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1806302)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(42107507)。
关键词
湟水河
大型底栖动物
功能摄食类群
环境影响因子识别
生态系统属性评价
Huangshui River
benthic macroinvertebrates
functional feeding groups
environmental factors identification
ecosystem attributes evaluation
