摘要
针对泥质弱胶结软岩回采巷道强底鼓难控制的问题,采用理论分析、现场实测、数值模拟与工业试验的方法开展了底板分层硬化支护技术研究工作。首先,现场调研掌握了110207工作面回风巷底鼓量大于1000mm、底鼓处泥泞松软,具有底鼓量大且持续时间长的显著特征。通过分析岩样X衍射矿物成份明确了顶板淋水与底板高黏土矿物岩层共存是其变形的根本原因。其次,采用数值模拟研究了巷道围岩的变形破坏过程、位移分布特征与分层硬化支护控制作用机理,研究表明,底板非硬化情况下直接打设锚索无法控制大量底鼓,其原因是锚索预应力无法有效扩散。最后,提出了先采用混凝土薄层硬化封闭底板再锚索支护最后混凝土厚层硬化的控制方案,该方案强调了硬化隔离底板与加强支护的双重重要性,矿压监测数据证明,顶底板移近量最大维持到64mm,两帮移近量维持在102mm,后期的平均变形量维持在每天小于1mm,巷道围岩趋于稳定保证了回采工作的正常进行。
In response to the problem of difficult control of strong floor heave in the mining roadway of argillaceous weak cementation soft rock,theoretical analysis,on-site measurement,numerical simulation,and industrial testing methods were used to carry out research on the layered hardening supporting technology of the floor.Firstly,on-site research revealed that the floor heave volume of the No.110207 working face's return airway was greater than 1000 mm,and the floor area was muddy and soft,with significant characteristics of large and long-lasting floor heave volume.By analyzing the mineral composition of the rock sample through X-ray diffraction,it was determined that the coexistence of roof water and floor high clay mineral rock layers is the fundamental reason for its deformation.Secondly,numerical simulations were conducted to study the deformation and failure process,displacement distribution characteristics,and layered hardening supporting control mechanism of the surrounding rock in the roadway.The study showed that directly anchoring the floor without hardening the floor cannot control a large number of floor heaves,because the prestress of the anchor cannot be effectively diffused.Based on these insights,a control scheme was proposed which involved implementing a concrete thin layer hardening closed floor followed by anchor cable supporting and ultimately concrete thick layer hardening.This scheme emphasized both isolating and strengthening the hardened floor as dual priorities.Mine pressure monitoring data demonstrated that maximum displacements of roof and floor were maintained at 64 mm while displacements of two sides remained at 102 mm;average deformation during later stages was less than 1 mm per day;the surrounding rock of the roadway tended to be stable,ensuring the normal progress of mining work.
作者
黎劲东
Li Jindong(Qingshuiying Coal Mine,Ningxia Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,CHN Energy,Yinchuan 750001,China)
出处
《能源与环保》
2025年第1期233-240,共8页
CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
基金
国家能源集团重点科技项目(Q/NMHTBZ-JS096-2.0)。
关键词
软岩
泥质弱胶结
回采巷道
底鼓
支护技术
soft rock
argillaceous weak cementation
mining roadway
floor heave
supporting technology
