摘要
为了探究马罗匹坦复合舒泰-右美托咪定对兔的麻醉效果及对兔常规生理指标和心脏功能的影响,试验将12只90日龄、体重为(2.44±0.17)kg的健康新西兰白兔分为对照组和试验组,每组6只,雌雄各半,对照组按体重肌肉注射1.75 mg/kg舒泰和0.033 mg/kg右美托咪定,试验组按体重肌肉注射1.75 mg/kg舒泰和0.033 mg/kg右美托咪定并静脉注射1 mg/kg马罗匹坦,对两组进行麻醉效果评估、常规生理指标[体温、心率、呼吸频率、血氧饱和度、血压(收缩压、舒张压和平均压)]和左心功能指标[每搏输出量(stroke volume,SV)、射血分数(ejection fractions,EF)、心输出量(cardiac output,CO)、心脏指数(cardiac index,CI)和E峰与A峰比值(E/A)]监测。结果表明:对照组的麻醉诱导时长和麻醉维持时长分别为(2.84±2.05)min和(56.82±17.20)min,试验组分别为(1.97±0.60)min和(68.73±8.37)min;与对照组比较,试验组麻醉诱导时长差异不显著(P>0.05),麻醉维持时长显著提高(P<0.05)。与麻醉即刻比较,对照组镇静效果评分在麻醉第40,50分钟时显著下降(P<0.05),试验组镇静效果评分在麻醉第50分钟时显著下降(P<0.05);两组肌松效果评分在麻醉第50分钟时显著下降(P<0.05),生物反射和镇痛效果评分在整个观察期间变化不显著(P>0.05)。两组体温和心率均在麻醉后呈现下降趋势;与麻醉即刻比较,对照组体温在麻醉第30,40,50分钟时显著下降(P<0.05),试验组体温在麻醉后第20,30,40,50分钟时显著下降(P<0.05),两组心率在麻醉第40分钟时显著下降(P<0.05),对照组心率在麻醉第50分钟时出现回升,而试验组心率在在麻醉第50分钟时极显著下降(P<0.01)。两组呼吸频率和血氧饱和度在麻醉过程中的变化较为平稳,整个观察期间变化不显著(P>0.05)。两组血压在麻醉过程中的变化较为平稳;与麻醉即刻比较,除对照组的收缩压和舒张压在麻醉第50分钟时显著上升(P<0.05)外,两组在麻醉第10,20,30,40分钟时各血压指标均差异不显著(P>0.05)。两组SV、EF、CO、CI、E/A在麻醉过程中的变化较为平稳;与麻醉第0~15分钟比较,第15~30,30~45,45~60分钟两组左心功能指标均差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明马罗匹坦复合舒泰-右美托咪定较舒泰-右美托咪定具有更好的镇静效果,且在延长麻醉维持时长的同时不会对常规生理指标及心脏功能造成明显影响,适用于兔临床手术及试验的麻醉。
In order to explore the anesthetic effect of maropitant combined with zoletil-dexmedetomidine on rabbits and its effect on conventional physiological indexes and cardiac function in rabbits,in the experiment,twelve 90-day-old healthy New Zealand white rabbits weighing(2.44±0.17)kg were divided into the control group and experimental group,with 6 rabbits in each group,half male and half female.The control group was intramuscularly injected with 1.75 mg/kg Zoletil and 0.033 mg/kg dexmedetomidine by weight.In the experimental group,1.75 mg/kg Zoletil and 0.033 mg/kg dexmedetomidine were injected intramuscularly,and 1 mg/kg maropitant was injected intravenously by weight.The anesthesia effect was evaluated in the two groups,and the conventional physiological indexes(body temperature,heart rate,respiratory rate,oxygen saturation,blood pressure[systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and mean blood pressure])and left ventricular function indexes[stroke volume(SV),ejection fractions(EF),cardiac output(CO),cardiac index(CI)and the ratio of E peaks to A peaks(E/A)]were monitored.The results showed that the anesthesia induction time and anesthesia maintenance time in the control group were(2.84±2.05)min and(56.82±17.20)min,respectively.The anesthesia induction time and anesthesia maintenance time in the experimental group were(1.97±0.60)min and(68.73±8.37)min,respectively.Compared with the control group,there was no significant difference in the duration of anesthesia induction in the experimental group(P>0.05),and the duration of anesthesia maintenance was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the immediate anesthesia,the sedation effect score of the control group was significantly decreased at the 40th and 50th minutes of anesthesia(P<0.05),and the sedation effect score of the experimental group was significantly decreased at the 50th minute of anesthesia(P<0.05).The muscle relaxation effect score was significantly decreased in the two groups at the 50th minute of anesthesia(P<0.05).The scores of biological reflex and analgesic effect did not change significantly during the whole observation period(P>0.05).Body temperature and heart rate in both groups showed a decreasing trend after anesthesia.Compared with the immediate anesthesia,the body temperature of the control group decreased significantly at the 30th,40th and 50th minutes after anesthesia(P<0.05),and the body temperature of the experimental group decreased significantly at the 20th,30th,40th and 50th minutes after anesthesia(P<0.05).The heart rate of the two groups decreased significantly at the 40th minute after anesthesia(P<0.05).The heart rate of the control group increased at 50 minutes after anesthesia,while the heart rate of the experimental group decreased significantly at the 50 minutes after anesthesia(P<0.01).The changes of respiratory rate and oxygen saturation in the two groups were stable during anesthesia,and there was no significant change during the whole observation period(P>0.05).The blood pressure changes in the anesthesia process were relatively stable between the two groups.Compared with the anesthesia immediately,except for the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of the control group increased significantly at the 50th minute after anesthesia(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the blood pressure indexes between the two groups at the 10th,20th,30th and 40th minutes after anesthesia(P>0.05).The changes of SV,EF,CO,CI and E/A in the two groups during anesthesia were relatively stable.Compared with the 0-15 minutes after anesthesia,there were no significant differences in left heart function indexes at 15-30,30-45 and 45-60 minutes(P>0.05).The results indicated that maropitant combined with zoletil-dexmedetomidine had better sedative effects than zoletil-dexmedetomidine,and would not have a significant impact on conventional physiological indexes and heart function while prolonging the duration of anesthesia,which was suitable for anesthesia in rabbit clinical surgery and experiments.
作者
张周结
蔡文英
吴月萱
朱毅威
胡崇伟
ZHANG Zhoujie;CAI Wenying;WU Yuexuan;ZHU Yiwei;HU Chongwei(College of Animal Science,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)
出处
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》
北大核心
2025年第3期123-129,153,共8页
Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine
基金
福建农林大学科技创新专项(KFB23199A)。
关键词
马罗匹坦
舒泰
右美托咪定
兔
麻醉效果
maropitant
zoletil
dexmedetomidine
rabbits
anesthetic effect
