摘要
为科学评价长三角生态绿色一体化发展示范区(吴江区、青浦区、嘉善县)淡水池塘养殖尾水污染特征和尾水处理系统处理效果,使用综合水质标识指数法和聚类分析对2022年11—12月(冬季)和2023年6—8月(夏季)示范区46座淡水养殖场养殖期间水质和其中30座尾水处理系统治理效果进行监测分析。调查发现,示范区淡水池塘养殖尾水中的总氮、总磷和高锰酸盐指数的年平均质量浓度分别为(2.80±1.53)、(0.49±0.33)mg/L和(18.97±17.81)mg/L。夏季和冬季调查尾水达标率分别为58.70%和82.61%。罗氏沼虾(水质标识指数均值6.8)尾水污染最严重,大口黑鲈(水质标识指数均值6.4)次之,中华绒螯蟹(水质标识指数均值4.2)尾水污染最轻微。本调查中,尾水净化设施对养殖尾水有良好的净化效果,几乎全部满足排放标准,对养殖尾水中的总氮、总磷和高锰酸盐指数年去除率分别为(49.02±17.38)%、(34.50±21.15)%和(39.93±23.58)%。调查结果可为示范区主要养殖品种进行有针对性的尾水处理设施配置提供科学依据及参考,以减少建设成本和运行维护成本,并提高净化效果。
In order to understand the pollution characteristics of aquacultural wastewater in freshwater ponds in the demonstration zone of green and integrated ecological development in the Changjiang River Delta(Wujiang District,Qingpu District,Jiashan County)and the treatment effect of the wastewater treatment system,the water quality indices were monitored in the of 46 freshwater farms in the core area of the Changjiang River Delta,and the treatment effect of the wastewater in 30 of them were monitored in November—December 2022(Winter)and June—August 2023(Summer).Water quality labeling index(WQI)and cluster analysis(CA)were used to analyze all monitoring sites.It was found that the average annual concentrations were(2.80±1.53)mg/L in total nitrogen(TN),(0.49±0.33)mg/L in total phosphorus(TP)and(18.97±17.81)mg/L in permanganate index(CODMn)in the wastewater of freshwater ponds in the core area of the Changjiang River Delta.The rates of conforming wastewater was 58.70%in summer and 82.61%in winter,with the most serious wastewater pollution from Macrobrachium rosenhali(WQI mean 6.8),followed by Micropterus salmoides(WQI mean 6.4),and the least serious from Eriocheir sinensis(WQI mean 4.2).The tailwater purification facilities investigated in this study had good purification effect on aquaculture tailwater,all meeted the discharge standards,with the annual removal rates of(49.02±17.38)%in TN,(34.50±21.15)%in TP and(39.93±23.58)%in CODMn in aquaculture tailwater.The findings provided scientific basis and reference with the targeted configuration of tailwater treatment facilities for main breeding species or varieties in the core area of the Changjiang River Delta,reduced the construction cost and operation and maintenance cost,and improved the purification effect.
作者
朱泽伟
ZHU Zewei(College of Oceanography and Ecological Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)
出处
《水产科学》
北大核心
2025年第2期284-294,共11页
Fisheries Science
关键词
长三角生态绿色一体化发展示范区
水产养殖尾水
养殖尾水处理
demonstration zone of green and integrated ecological development of the Changjiang River Delta
aquaculture wastewater
aquacultural wastewater treatment
