摘要
水资源是社会发展的重要资源,揭示湖北省水资源空间均衡性特征可为湖北省水资源可持续利用和经济发展提供依据。选取水资源负载指数、用水效益、农业水土匹配系数3个指标,采取基尼系数对其均衡性进行计算分析,利用水资源空间均衡系数反映3个指标共同作用下湖北省水资源整体的均衡水平,并运用过境水依赖度辅助分析湖北省水资源空间均衡性。(1)2010—2022年湖北省整体水资源负载指数(4.35~16.22)和用水效益(54.01~152.41)呈上升趋势,农业水土匹配系数(1.73~0.82)呈下降趋势,经济发展、人口变化和耕地面积与水资源越来越不匹配,但水资源利用效率逐渐提高,且经济发展水平有利于提升水资源利用效率;(2)2010—2022年湖北省的水资源空间均衡性逐渐失衡,受水资源负载指数、农业水土匹配系数不均衡的影响,及各城市过境水依赖度的巨大差异,水资源禀赋与各城市间的发展匹配状况逐渐失衡;(3)武汉、宜昌、襄阳对其所在地区及整个湖北省的水资源空间均衡性影响较大。故湖北省应推广节水技术,提高用水效率;加强区域联系,促进资源平衡,积极推进引调水工程并贯彻“一主两翼”的发展格局;严守18亿亩红线同时多方摄取灌溉农业外的食物来源。
Water resources are important resources for social development.Revealing the characteristics of spatial equilibrium of water resources in Hubei Province can provide a basis for the sustainable utilization of water resources and economic development in Hubei Province.Three indexes of water resources including load index,water use efficiency,and agricultural water-soil matching coefficient were selected,and the Gini coefficient was used to calculate and analyze the equilibrium.The spatial equilibrium coefficient of water resources was utilized to reflect the overall equilibrium level of water resources in Hubei Province under the combined action of the three indexes,and the spatial equilibrium of water resources in Hubei Province was analyzed with the aid of transit water dependence.①From 2010 to 2022,the overall load index(4.35~16.22)and water use efficiency(54.01~152.41)of water resources in Hubei Province showed an upward trend,while the agricultural water-soil matching coefficient(1.73~0.82)showed a downward trend.Economic development,population change,and cultivated land area were increasingly mismatched with water resources,but the utilization efficiency of water resources was gradually improved,and the level of economic development was conducive to improving the utilization efficiency of water resources.②From 2010 to 2022,the spatial equilibrium of water resources in Hubei Province was gradually weakened.Affected by the disequilibrium of load index and agricultural water-soil matching coefficient of water resources,as well as the huge difference in the transit water dependence of each city,the matching between water resources endowment and the development of each city was gradually unbalanced.③Cities such as Wuhan,Yichang,and Xiangyang have a great influence on the spatial equilibrium of water resources in the region and the whole province.Therefore,Hubei Province should promote water-saving technology,improve water use efficiency,strengthen regional ties,accelerate resource equilibrium,actively introduce water diversion projects,and implement the development pattern of"one center and two wings".It is also necessary to strictly adhere to the red line of protecting cultivated areas of 1.8 billion mu while taking food sources from fields besides irrigation agriculture.
作者
田培
赵泽群
穆雅晴
范玉燕
吴光东
王永强
虞悦
TIAN Pei;ZHAO Zequn;MU Yaqing;FAN Yuyan;WU Guangdong;WANG Yongqiang;YU Yue(Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis&Simulation of Hubei Province/College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geology Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;Institute for Integrated Use of Water Resources,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430014,China)
出处
《人民珠江》
2025年第3期73-81,共9页
Pearl River
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(42377354)
湖北省自然科学基金面上项目(2024AFB951)
湖北省自然科学基金创新群体项目(2024AFA011)。
关键词
水资源空间均衡系数
基尼系数
农业水土匹配
用水效益
水资源负载指数
湖北省
spatial equilibrium coefficient of water resources
Gini coefficient
agricultural water-soil matching
water use efficiency
load index of water resources
Hubei Province
