摘要
【目的】明确大花海棠炭疽病的病原菌种类及其生物学特性,筛选出适用于防治该病害的杀菌剂,为大花海棠炭疽病的发生、发展规律以及防治措施研究打下基础。【方法】采用组织分离法对采集自云南省昆明市世界园艺博览园园区内具有典型炭疽病症状的大花海棠病株进行病原菌分离,根据柯赫氏法则验证分离菌株的致病性;采用形态学特征观察结合ITS、TUB2、HIS3、CHS-1、GAPDH和ACT多基因联合分析的方法,确定大花海棠炭疽病病原菌的分类学地位;以菌丝致死温度及不同培养基、碳源、氮源、温度、光周期、pH条件下菌丝生长情况探究病原菌的生物学特性;采用菌丝生长速率法测定8种杀菌剂对病原菌菌丝生长的抑制作用。【结果】从大花海棠发病植株上分离纯化得到13株菌株,根据菌落形态及显微形态将13株菌株归为同一种菌,选取代表性菌株SWBG5进行后续试验。形态学特征观察结合多基因系统发育进化树分析确定大花海棠炭疽病病原菌菌株SWBG5为奥特阿罗刺盘孢菌(Colletotrichum aotearoa)。生物学特性测定结果显示,PDA培养基有利于菌株SWBG5的菌丝生长,在以蛋白胨为氮源、可溶性淀粉为碳源、温度25℃时菌丝生长最快;24 h光照或24 h黑暗环境下菌株SWBG5菌丝均能较好地生长,最适pH为6,致死温度为54℃。杀菌剂室内毒力测定结果显示,供试的8种杀菌剂对菌株SWBG5的菌丝生长均有抑制作用,其中30%吡唑醚菌酯SC的抑制作用最好,抑制中浓度(EC50)为1.6959μg/mL。【结论】云南省昆明市世界园艺博览园园区内的大花海棠炭疽病病原菌为奥特阿罗刺盘孢菌,后续防治中可首选30%吡唑醚菌酯SC。
【Objective】To clarify the pathogenic species of Begonia×benariensis anthracnose and its biological characteristics,to screen out the fungicides suitable for the control of this disease,which could lay the foundation for the research on the occurrence and development regulation of Begonia×benariensis anthracnose as well as the control measures.【Method】Pathogenic fungi were isolated from Begonia×benariensis plants showing typical anthracnose symptoms collected from the Kunming World Horticultural Expo Garden in Yunnan using the tissue isolation method.The pathogenicity of the isolated strains was confirmed according to Koch’s law.The taxonomic identity of the anthracnose pathogen was determined by combining morphological observations with a multigene analysis of ITS,TUB2,HIS3,CHS-1,GAPDH and ACT.The biological characteristics of the pathogen were investigated by examining mycelial lethal temperature and mycelial growth under different conditions,including various culture media,carbon sources,nitrogen sources,temperatures,illumination periods and pH levels.The inhibitory effects of 8 fungicides on the growth of the pathogen colony were assessed using mycelial growth rate method.【Result】Thirteen strains were isolated and purified from the pathogenic plants of Begonia×benariensis,and the thirteen strains were categorized as the same species according to colony morphology and microscopic morphology,and the representative strain SWBG5 was selected for the subsequent experiments.According to morphological observations combined with multigene phylogenetic tree,the anthracnose pathogen SWBG5 was identified as Colletotrichum aotearoa.Biological experiments showed that PDA medium was beneficial for the growth of SWBG5 strain,with the fastest mycelial growth occurring when peptone was used as the nitrogen source,soluble starch as the carbon source,and at a temperature of 25℃.The mycelia of strain SWBG5 could grow well under 24 h light or 24 h darkness.The optimal pH was found to be 6,and the lethal temperature was 54℃.Indoor fungicide toxicity tests revealed that all the 8 fungicides inhibited the mycelial growth of strain SWBG5,with 30%pyraclostrobin SC exhibiting the strongest inhibitory effect,with an inhibitory concentration(EC50)value of 1.6959μg/mL.【Conclusion】The pathogen of anthracnose of Begonia×benariensis in the Kunming World Horticultural Expo Park in Yunnan is Colletotrichum aotearoa,and 30%pyrazoxystrobin can be recommended for controlling this disease in future treatment.
作者
刘勉
肖玉辉
勾朝金
古旭
芦俊佳
LIU Mian;XIAO Yu-hui;GOU Chao-jin;GU Xu;LU Jun-jia(Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences College,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,Yunnan 650224,China;Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan,Kunming,Yunnan 650233,China;Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity,Kunming,Yunnan 650233,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
北大核心
2025年第2期508-519,共12页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32060695)
云南省农业基础研究联合专项(202301BD070001-091)。
关键词
大花海棠
炭疽病
病原菌
分离鉴定
生物学特性
毒力测定
Begonia×benariensis
anthracnose
pathogen
isolation and identification
biological characteristics
toxicity test
