摘要
社会公平感对更好实现共同富裕具有重要意义。已有研究较少基于就业质量对社会公平感进行多维度综合探讨。本研究使用中国劳动力动态调查数据,运用多指标多因素(MIMIC)模型探讨就业质量对民众社会公平感的影响。研究发现:新时代民众社会公平感较高,呈现逐年上升和世代更替的“U”形曲线特征。民众对社会公平期望的提升幅度高于客观社会状况改善的速度。其中,就业质量对社会公平感的影响存在横向和纵向两种机制。横向上,就业质量通过多条路径作用于社会公平感。工资收入、工作环境、工作自主性、技术培训和劳动保障对社会公平感产生正向影响,工作时间和通勤时间则对社会公平感产生负向影响。不仅工作结果,工作过程和工作体验也对公平感产生影响。纵向上,个体嵌入宏观社会变迁中,就业质量对公平感的动态影响体现出显著的时代效应。平均主义原则体现在就业质量对市场转型前群体公平感的影响中,而竞争应得原则在就业质量方面对市场转型后群体公平感的影响中得到体现。新时代应分类精准实现就业在质与量两个方面的有效和合理增长,以提升社会公平感,实现共同富裕。
The sense of social justice plays an important role in achieving common prosperity.There are few studies on the multidimensional comprehensive discussion of social justice perception from the perspective of employment quality.The effects of employment quality on people's sense of social justice were investigated by using multi-index and multi-factor(MIMIC)model based on Chinese labor dynamics survey data.It is found that people's sense of social justice is higher in the new era,showing a“U-shaped curve”characteristic of increasing year by year and changing generation.The increase of people's expectation of social justice is higher than the rate of improvement of objective social conditions.There are two kinds of horizontal and vertical mechanisms for the influence of employment quality on the sense of social justice.Horizontally,employment quality influences social justice perception through multiple concrete paths.Wage income,working environment,technical training and labor security have positive effects on social justice perception,while working time,working place and work autonomy have negative effects on social justice perception.Not only the outcome of work,but also the process and experience of work affect the perception of fairness.Vertically,when individuals are embedded in the macro social changes,the dynamic influence of employment quality on the sense of justice shows a significant era effect.The equalitarianism principle is reflected in the influence of employment quality on the group's sense of justice before the market transition,while the competition deserved principle is reflected in the influence of employment quality on the group's sense of justice after the market transition.In the new era,we need to achieve reasonable growth in the amount of employment and effective improvement in the quality of employment,enhance the sense of fairness,and achieve common prosperity.
出处
《中国社会心理学评论》
2024年第1期138-160,245,共24页
Chinese Social Psychological Review
基金
广东省哲学社会科学规划项目“绿美广东生态建设推动共同富裕的实践路径研究”(项目编号:GD24XMK23)的支持
关键词
共同富裕
就业质量
社会公平感
MIMIC模型
common prosperity
employment quality
sense of social justice
MIMIC model
