摘要
流通共用是数据创造价值的基本路径,也是治理的根本主题,体育数据亦复如是。基于数据内容与使用场景而形成的专业性使得体育数据治理具有独特的需求:普遍敏感与强人身性带来的安全隐患、体育自治对数据权益关系的影响、社会化共用与数据私益的矛盾,都亟待加强体育数据的规制。由是,“流通”与“规制”成为体育数据治理的两大锚点,并随着专业性差异而呈现动态关系,如何实现“流通-规制”的动态平衡是其核心治理问题。因应于此,须以公法重构匿名与授权机制实现数据脱敏、强化数据行为监管保障私益实现,并以私法推动数据协议维护信息自主权,通过探索有偿机制激励流通共享,在公私合治的总体框架下形成“法定+约定”的治理路径。此外,应以分类分级作为底层治理基础,依专业性建构场景差异的评价机制,形成“隐私数据-专业数据-公开数据”动态化分类分级体系,实现“流通-规制”的协调与兼济。
Circulation and sharing are fundamental pathways for data to create value and a core governance theme,which equallyapplies to sports data.The professional nature of sports,shaped by data content and application scenarios,generates unique demands:Security risks stemming from pervasive sensitivity and strong personal relevance,the impact of sports autonomy on data rights andinterests,and the tension between socialized sharing and private data interests,all necessitating enhanced regulation of sports data.Consequently,“circulation”and“regulation”emerge as dual pillars of sports data governance,forming a dynamic relationshipinfluenced by varying professional contexts.Achieving a balance between circulation and regulation constitutes the central governancechallenge.To address this,public law should reconstruct anonymization and authorization mechanisms to ensure data desensitizationand strengthen behavioral oversight to safeguard private interests,while private law should promote data agreements to upholdinformational autonomy and explore incentive-based mechanisms to encourage sharing.A hybrid governance framework integrating“contractual agreements+statutory rules”under public-private collaboration is essential.Furthermore,a hierarchical classificationsystem should serve as the foundational governance structure,establishing scenario-specific evaluation mechanisms based onprofessional criteria.This dynamic hierarchical classification system-spanning privacy-sensitive data,professionally classified data,andpublicly accessible data-harmonizes circulation and regulation,ensuring coordinated governance.
作者
李智
陈陆洋
王纬航
LI Zhi;CHEN Luyang;WANG Weihang(Fuzhou University Law School,Fuzhou 350108,China)
出处
《体育科学》
北大核心
2025年第2期36-45,共10页
China Sport Science
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目(21BTY012)。
关键词
体育数据
数据流通
数据规制
治理
sports data
data circulation
data regulation
governance
