摘要
目的 了解中国农村义务教育营养改善计划深入监测县中小学生抑郁症状的流行现状及相关因素,为农村地区儿童青少年抑郁症状预防及心理干预提供依据。方法 2022年11月,采取分层随机抽样方法,在7个深入监测县(内蒙古扎赉特旗、安徽金寨县、四川茂县、广西天等县、陕西勉县、黑龙江肇州县和福建尤溪县)实施学生营养改善计划重点监测的56所学校中,通过体格测量和问卷调查,共收集7 949名三至九年级中小学生的身高、体重数据和个人及家庭基本情况,并通过抑郁自评问卷获得其抑郁症状相关信息。采用多因素Logistic回归分析中小学生抑郁症状流行现状及其相关因素。结果深入监测县中小学生抑郁症状检出率为23.5%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,女生、中学生、每天视屏时长>2 h以及父母婚姻状况为离异或丧偶的学生抑郁症状检出可能性较高(OR值分别为1.40,1.64,1.60,1.24),睡眠时长达到推荐标准、父母通常每天陪伴时间60~<120和≥120 min、母亲文化水平为初中的学生抑郁症状检出可能性较低(OR值分别为0.85,0.84,0.71,0.76)(P值均<0.05)。结论 营养改善计划深入监测县学生抑郁症状检出率较高,需多方支持降低其心理健康问题发生风险。
Objective To understand the prevalence and related factors of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students in the in-depth monitoring counties of China's Rural Compulsory Education Nutrition Improvement Program,so as to provide a basis for prevention and psychological intervention of depressive symptoms among children and adolescents in rural areas.Methods In November 2022,a stratified random sampling method was adopted to collect height and weight data,basic personal and family information of 7949 primary and secondary school students from grade three to grade nine through physical measurements and questionnaires in 56 key monitoring schools implementing the Student Nutrition Improvement Program in 7 in-depth monitoring counties(Jalaid Banner in Inner Mongolia,Jinzhai County in Anhui,Mao Xian in Sichuan,Tiandeng County in Guangxi,Mian County in Shaanxi,Zhaozhou County in Heilongjiang and Youxi County in Fujian),and to obtain the information related to their depressive symptoms through the self-assessment questionnaire on depression.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the prevalence of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students,as well as their related factors.Results The detection rate of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students in the in-depth monitored counties was 23.5%.Logistic regression analysis showed that the probability of detecting depressive symptoms was higher among female students,middle school students,students whose video screen duration per day was>2 h,and students whose parents'marital status was divorced or widowed(OR=1.40,1.64,1.60,1.24),and students whose sleep duration reached the recommended standard,whose parents usually accompanied them daily for time was 60-<120 min and≥120 min,and students whose mothers'literacy level was middle school graduation had lower probability of detecting depressive symptoms(OR=0.85,0.84,0.71,0.76)(P<0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of depressive symptoms among students in the in-depth monitoring area is high,and targeted interventions need to be developed for students to reduce the risk of mental health problems.
作者
王晓宁
曹薇
王宏亮
陈慕磊
甘倩
徐培培
罗瑞鹤
杨媞媞
刘瑶
潘慧
张建芬
由文烁
张倩
许娟
WANG Xiaoning;CAO Wei;WANG Hongliang;CHEN Mulei;GAN Qian;XU Peipei;LUO Ruihe;YANG Titi;LIU Yao;PAN Hui;ZHANG Jianfen;YOU Wenshuo;ZHANG Qian;XU Juan(National Institute for Nutrition and Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing(100050),China)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
北大核心
2025年第2期219-222,228,共5页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
2021年中国疾病预防控制中心营养所学生营养改善计划营养健康评估和膳食指导项目(131031107000180004)。
关键词
营养政策
抑郁
精神卫生
回归分析
学生
农村人口
Nutrition policy
Depression
Mental health
Regression analysis
Students
Rural population
