摘要
OBJECTIVE: To provide insight into the psychosocial factors underlying the utilisation of health services by women with reproductive tract infection (RTI) symptoms. METHODS: A cross-sectional study, adopting Aday and Andersen' s Social Behaviour Model, was conducted between 1998 and 1999 in Chinese Hebei province and Beijing. A total of 864 eligible married women (age 21 to 60 years) were face to face interviewed. RESULTS: The percentage of self-reported symptoms of RTIs in urban and rural women was 35.6 and 46.8, respectively; the proportion of women with RTIs who utilised health services was 27.5% and 26.7%, respectively. Compared to urban women, rural women had less knowledge on RTIs and more traditional beliefs, and were more satisfied with local health services. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the common factor influencing health service utilisation in women with RTIs was current experience of RTIs. Knowledge about self-medication, perceived social stigma attached to RTIs, prior experience of RTIs, family income and perceived severity of RTIs were also predictors of utilisation of health services in rural women with RTIs. Satisfaction with health providers, information received from health providers, prior experience of RTIs, occupation and medical care coverage were predictors of utilisation of health services in urban women with RTIs. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of RTIs is high, but the rate of seeking health services is low. There is a great need for emphasizing culturally acceptable reproductive health education in different places to improve women' s ability for self-care. Regular medical check-ups for women are also important. It is necessary to improve the quality of health service, complete the reform of health insurance and alleviate women' s social stigma related to RTIs, giving women social and moral support.
目的 研究影响患生殖道感染的妇女利用卫生服务的心理社会因素。方法 采用Aday和Andersen的社会行为模式 ,于 1998- 1999年 ,在河北省迁安县和北京 ,对有生殖道感染症状的已婚妇女共 86 4例 (其中 ,农村 378例 ,城市 4 86例 )进行了横断面调查。采用SPSS/PC 7 5进行统计分析。结果 城市和农村已婚妇女自述生殖道感染的发病率分别为 35 6 %和 4 6 8% ,患生殖道感染妇女的就诊率分别为 2 7 5 %和 2 6 7%。与城市妇女相比 ,农村妇女有关生殖道感染方面的知识明显少 ,认为该病是严重的疾病 ,认为社会对患此病的妇女有歧视 ,对医院的满意程度高。Logistic回归分析显示 :影响城乡患生殖道感染的妇女利用卫生服务的共同因素为本次患病情况。影响城市妇女利用卫生服务的因素还有医务人员的服务态度、医务人员提供的信息、职业、既往生殖道感染情况以及医疗付费方式。影响农村妇女利用卫生服务的因素还有自我治疗生殖道感染的知识、既往生殖道感染情况、认为社会对患生殖道感染妇女的歧视、对生殖道感染严重性的认识和家庭收入。结论 城乡妇女生殖道感染的发病率高 ,就诊率低。很有必要针对城乡妇女 ,开展不同形式的健康教育 ,提高妇女对生殖道感染疾病的认识 ,提高妇女的自我保健意识 ,并且应对妇女定期?
基金
ThisstudywassupportedpartiallybytheFordFoundation (No 0 976 0 92 4)
