摘要
本试验应用过氧化物酶同工酶技术,对梨属种质资源的秋子梨、砂梨、白梨、西洋梨4个系统的品种及类型进行了分类研究,并对苹果梨的分类地位进行了探讨.结果表明:梨属植物有共同的特征酶谱带,4个栽培种间同工酶酶谱带差异较大,种内品种间谱带差异较小.根据相似系数对供试56个梨品种及类型进行了聚类分析,结果起源于欧洲的西洋梨与起源于中国的白梨、砂梨、秋子梨3个种能明显区分开,起源于中国的3个种之间虽未完全各自聚类,但各材料间都有不同的遗传距离.由此可见,同工酶技术可作为梨属植物起源、分类、亲缘关系等鉴定的科学依据.利用同工酶技术探讨了苹果梨的分类地位,从过氧化物酶同工酶聚类图以及相似系数的比较来看,苹果梨与芽变品种东宁5号大梨和栖霞大香水梨聚类在一起,再与大多数白梨系统的品种聚在一起,因此,认为苹果梨在遗传关系上和白梨系统有很大的相似性.
Four cultivars and types of pyrus resources such as Pyrus. ussuriensis Maxim, P. pyrifolia Burm., P.bretschneideri Rehd.and P.communis L. were classified by using peroxidase isozymic technique, and systematic status of applepear was also studied.The Results showed that the same characteristic patterns for pyrus species were appeared, and the differences of patterns bands had greet significance,between 4 planted cultivars but less significance between varieties.The similar coefficient, cultivars and types of 56 pyrus were analyzed by using cluster analysis.The results showed that pyrus communis L. originated from Europe could be distinctly distinguished from P. bretschneideri Rehd., P. pyrifolia Burm. and P. ussuriensis Maxim, which originated from China. Though three Chinese species were not clustered into different groups respectively, there were different genetic distance between any two accessions. Hence, the technique of isozymic might use scientific basis for origination, classification, genetic relationship of pyrus species.The systematic status of applepear were studied by using isozymic, peroxidase isozymic cluster patterns and similar coefficients were compared.The results showed that applepear and its variety ─ DongNing 5 DaLi clustered with QiXia DaXiangShui, then together with major cultivars of P. bretschneideri Rehd. system. The high similarity existed between applepear and P. bretschneideri Rehd. system at the level of genetic relationship.
出处
《延边大学农学学报》
2003年第2期86-91,共6页
Agricultural Science Journal of Yanbian University
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目 (3 9960 0 49)
