高级科技人才成长的环境因素分析——以中国两院院士为例被引量：64

Analysis of the Environmental Factors Affecting the Growth and Development of the High-class Talents in Science and Technology——Based on Chinese Academy of Science and Engineering Members

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摘要在建立两院院士数据库的基础上,总结出院士分布的时空特征,考察了影响院士成材的环境因素,发现了一些有价值的现象。院士籍贯空间分布东多西少,南多北少;出生时间以秋冬、冬春气候变换大的月份为多。院士成材比率与籍贯地的经济发展水平和水域面积比呈显著的正相关,与山地面积比有一定的负相关。教师、医生家庭的子女成长为高级科技人才的比率最高,单亲家庭的子女成材率并不低。对高级科技人才个人来说,教师是影响其成材的最关键人物,父亲的影响大于母亲,爱人的影响不起决定作用,大学教育、甚至研究生教育和留学经历必不可少。培养院士主要靠最著名的大学和科研机构,靠大师。两院院士成材环境有显著的相关性,但也存在一定差异,知识分子、教师的子女,对科学的信念更强一些,其他家庭的子女对工程技术有一定的偏爱。 Based on setting up the database of Chinese Academy of Science and Engineering members,we sum up the spacetime characters of academicians' distribution and find some valuable phenomena after reviewing the circumstance factors that affect the successes of academicians' native places.The study shows that most of them came from east and nerth China prior to west and south China.Their birthdays belong mostly to seasons that climate changes greatly,that is,autumn replaced winter and winter replaced spring.The ratio of academicians' successes has highly positive correlation with the economic development of their native places and the ratio of water areas and has negative correlation with the ratio of mountain areas.The ratio that children belong to teacher and doctor family who become highclass talents on science and technology is the ghighest.The ratio of successes of singleparent children is not low.For highclass talents themselves,the teacher is the most crucial character affecting their successes,and fathers affect more largely than mothers,the influence of spouse is very little.The university education,graduate education and the experience of studying abroad are necessary.Cultivating academicians mainly depends on the most famous university,scientific research institution and the great masters.There are high correlations and some differences of successful background among Chinese Academy of Science and Engineering members.The children belong to intellect or teacher family have stronger faith on science while children belong to others have a preference of engineering technology.

作者吴殿廷李东方刘超张若顾淑丹蔡春霞

机构地区北京师范大学资源与环境科学系北京师范大学人事处

出处《自然辩证法研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2003年第9期54-63,共10页 Studies in Dialectics of Nature

关键词高级科技人才人才成长环境因素影响中国工程院院士科学院院士分布 Key words:China Academy of Science members China Academy of Engineering members become a useful person environmental factors

分类号 G322 [文化科学] C96 [经济管理—人力资源管理]