摘要
目的分析2011-2015年乐山市手足口病流行特征,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对乐山市2011-2015年手足口病资料进行分析。结果 5年累计报告手足口病11 416例,其中重症115例,死亡2例,年均报告发病率69.22/10万。全年各月均有病例报告,5~7月和10~12月为高峰期,呈双峰流行。5岁以下儿童发病为主,男女发病比例为1.5∶1,男性多发于女性;以散居儿童和幼托儿童为主。病原学检测提示2011-2015年检出各型病毒构成比差异有统计学意义(χ~2=326.21,P<0.01),2013年以EV71型为主,重症病例增多较其他年份有统计学意义(χ~2=144.06,P<0.01)。结论乐山市手足口病以5岁以下儿童为高发人群,集中在1~3岁,高峰期在春夏和秋冬交替的季节,多种肠道病毒存在交替或共同流行现象,以EV71为主导的年份重症病例显著增加。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) in Leshan in 2011 to 2015 and provide a basis for the development of prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiology was used for analyzing data on HFMD in Leshan in 2011 to 2015. Results A total of11 416 HFMD cases were reported in the five years,among which there were 115 severe cases and 2 death cases. The average annual incidence rate was 69. 22/105. There were cases reported in each month and the number of cases reached the peak in May to July and October to December. The patients were mainly children under5 years. The male/female ratio of the cases was 1. 5 ∶ 1. Scattered children and children in kindergartens accounted for the majority. Etiological analysis showed significant differences in the constituent ratio of each type of virus in 2011 to 2015(χ~2= 326. 21,P < 0. 01). In 2013,EV71 was the main pathogen,and the increase in the number of severe cases was statistically significant as compared to other years(χ~2= 144. 06,P < 0. 01).Conclusion In Leshan,HFMD mainly affects children under 5 years,particularly those aged between 1 and 3,with occurrence peaking in transitional periods from spring to summer and from autumn to winter. A variety of intestinal viruses exist alternately or simultaneously,with the number of severe cases significantly increasing in years with dominance of EV71.
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2017年第9期936-939,共4页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
关键词
手足口病
流行病学
病原学
hand-food-mouth disease(HFMD)
epidemiology
etiology
