摘要
为了研究不同品质类型冬小麦籽粒产量和品质性状对氮肥水平和追氮时期的响应,以两个强筋品种济南17和PH82-2-2以及两个筋力弱的品种PH97-4和PH97-5为材料进行了品种、施氮量、施氮时期三因素试验。结果表明,增施氮肥能显著提高小麦产量和氮收获量。起身期追肥比抽穗期追肥产量和氮收获量显著提高;不同品质类型的小麦蛋白质含量对施氮量和追氮时期反应不尽一致,蛋白质含量相对较低的两个品种济南17和PH97-4施氮处理间差异不显著,而蛋白质含量相对较高的品种PH82-2-2和PH97-5在高施氮量下抽穗期追肥蛋白质含量比起身期追肥提高0.6个百分点,差异达显著水平。不同品种的湿面筋含量、籽粒容重和硬度在不同施氮量下差异不显著。沉淀值、降落值对施氮处理不敏感;吸水率和面团稳定时间不同施氮量间差异不显著,抽穗期追肥吸水率提高0.7个百分点,但面团形成时间和稳定时间分别降低1.39min和0.61min;不同品种的粉质特性差异显著。运筹氮肥能改善小麦加工品质,但效果不明显。
The responses of grain yield and quality of different winter wheat varieties to nitrogen were studied on the condition of two N rates (88 kg·hm^(-2) and 176 kg·hm^(-2), pure nitrogen) and two top dressing stages (jointing stage and heading stage). The results indicated that grain yield and N harvest were (significantly) (higher) at high N rate than at low N rate, increased by 401.9 kg·hm^(-2) and 11.9 kg·hm^(-2) (respectively); and grain yield and N harvest were more (higher) when N fertilizer was applied at jointing stage than that at heading stage, increased by 379.3 kg hm^(-2) and 8.1 kg hm^(-2) (respectively). Response of protein content of different (varieties) was different at two N fertilizer rates and two top dressing stages. (Difference) of protein content of (Jinan) 17 and PH97-4 was not (significant) at different N rates, however, protein content of PH82-2-2 and PH97-5 were (significantly) (higher) when N fertilizer was applied at heading stage than that at jointing stage. (Differences) of wet gluten content and volume weight and hardness of grain were not (significant) at different N rates, and they were (higher) when N fertilizer was applied at heading stage than that at jointing stage. (Differences) of sedimentation volume and falling number were not (significant) at different N rates and at top dressing stages. Water absorption and stability time of paste were not distinct at different N rates, and water absorption of flour increased by 0.7 per cent, while developing time and stability time of paste decreased (respectively) by 1.39 min and 0.61 min when N fertilizer was applied at heading stage. Flour quality parameters of different winter wheat (varieties) were markedly diverse. Processing quality could improve if we properly (applied) N fertilizer, however, the effect was not distinct. Quality (characteristics) of winter wheat varieties were dominated by (genotypes.)
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
2004年第2期97-102,共6页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
国家计委"山东省聊城市优质小麦生产基地项目(计农经[2000]1405号)"。
关键词
冬小麦
籽粒产量
品质性状
氮肥
品质类型
Nitrogen
Quality type
Grain yield
Quality
Character
Winter wheat
